[llvm] [NFC] Add fragment-getting functions to DbgRecord (PR #97705)

[LLVM Continuous Integration via llvm-commits]

llvm-ci wrote:

LLVM Buildbot has detected a new failure on builder `llvm-nvptx64-nvidia-ubuntu` running on `as-builder-7` while building `llvm` at step 5 "build-unified-tree".

Full details are available at: https://lab.llvm.org/buildbot/#/builders/160/builds/1306

Here is the relevant piece of the build log for the reference:
```
Step 5 (build-unified-tree) failure: build (failure)

```

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/97705