[llvm] [AMDGPU] Introduce "amdgpu-sw-lower-lds" pass to lower LDS accesses to use device global memory. (PR #87265)

Pierre van Houtryve via llvm-commits llvm-commits at lists.llvm.org
Thu Apr 18 03:59:03 PDT 2024


================
@@ -0,0 +1,877 @@
+//===-- AMDGPUSwLowerLDS.cpp -----------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This pass lowers the local data store, LDS, uses in kernel and non-kernel
+// functions in module with dynamically allocated device global memory.
+//
+// Replacement of Kernel LDS accesses:
+//    For a kernel, LDS access can be static or dynamic which are direct
+//    (accessed within kernel) and indirect (accessed through non-kernels).
+//    A device global memory equal to size of all these LDS globals will be
+//    allocated. At the prologue of the kernel, a single work-item from the
+//    work-group, does a "malloc" and stores the pointer of the allocation in
+//    new LDS global that will be created for the kernel. This will be called
+//    "SW LDS" in this pass.
+//    Each LDS access corresponds to an offset in the allocated memory.
+//    All static LDS accesses will be allocated first and then dynamic LDS
+//    will occupy the device global memory.
+//    To store the offsets corresponding to all LDS accesses, another global
+//    variable is created which will be called "SW LDS metadata" in this pass.
+//    - SW LDS Global:
+//        It is LDS global of ptr type with name
+//        "llvm.amdgcn.sw.lds.<kernel-name>".
+//    - Metadata Global:
+//        It is of struct type, with n members. n equals the number of LDS
+//        globals accessed by the kernel(direct and indirect). Each member of
+//        struct is another struct of type {i32, i32}. First member corresponds
+//        to offset, second member corresponds to aligned size of LDS global
+//        being replaced. It will have name
+//        "llvm.amdgcn.sw.lds.<kernel-name>.md". This global will have an
+//        intializer with static LDS related offsets and sizes initialized. But
+//        for dynamic LDS related entries, offsets will be intialized to
+//        previous static LDS allocation end offset. Sizes for them will be zero
+//        initially. These dynamic LDS offset and size values will be updated
+//        with in the kernel, since kernel can read the dynamic LDS size
+//        allocation done at runtime with query to "hidden_dynamic_lds_size"
+//        hidden kernel argument.
+//
+//    LDS accesses within the kernel will be replaced by "gep" ptr to
+//    corresponding offset into allocated device global memory for the kernel.
+//    At the epilogue of kernel, allocated memory would be made free by the same
+//    single work-item.
+//
+// Replacement of non-kernel LDS accesses:
+//    Multiple kernels can access the same non-kernel function.
+//    All the kernels accessing LDS through non-kernels are sorted and
+//    assigned a kernel-id. All the LDS globals accessed by non-kernels
+//    are sorted. This information is used to build two tables:
+//    - Base table:
+//        Base table will have single row, with elements of the row
+//        placed as per kernel ID. Each element in the row corresponds
+//        to addresss of "SW LDS" variable created for
+//        that kernel.
+//    - Offset table:
+//        Offset table will have multiple rows and columns.
+//        Rows are assumed to be from 0 to (n-1). n is total number
+//        of kernels accessing the LDS through non-kernels.
+//        Each row will have m elements. m is the total number of
+//        unique LDS globals accessed by all non-kernels.
+//        Each element in the row correspond to the address of
+//        the replacement of LDS global done by that particular kernel.
+//    A LDS variable in non-kernel will be replaced based on the information
+//    from base and offset tables. Based on kernel-id query, address of "SW
+//    LDS" for that corresponding kernel is obtained from base table.
+//    The Offset into the base "SW LDS" is obtained from
+//    corresponding element in offset table. With this information, replacement
+//    value is obtained.
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "AMDGPU.h"
+#include "Utils/AMDGPUMemoryUtils.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/DenseSet.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/SetOperations.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/SetVector.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/CallGraph.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/DomTreeUpdater.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicsAMDGPU.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/MDBuilder.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/ReplaceConstant.h"
+#include "llvm/InitializePasses.h"
+#include "llvm/Pass.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
+#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/ModuleUtils.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+
+#define DEBUG_TYPE "amdgpu-sw-lower-lds"
+
+using namespace llvm;
+using namespace AMDGPU;
+
+namespace {
+
+using DomTreeCallback = function_ref<DominatorTree *(Function &F)>;
+
+struct LDSAccessTypeInfo {
+  SetVector<GlobalVariable *> StaticLDSGlobals;
+  SetVector<GlobalVariable *> DynamicLDSGlobals;
+};
+
+// Struct to hold all the Metadata required for a kernel
+// to replace a LDS global uses with corresponding offset
+// in to device global memory.
+struct KernelLDSParameters {
+  GlobalVariable *SwLDS{nullptr};
+  GlobalVariable *SwLDSMetadata{nullptr};
+  LDSAccessTypeInfo DirectAccess;
+  LDSAccessTypeInfo IndirectAccess;
+  DenseMap<GlobalVariable *, SmallVector<uint32_t, 3>>
+      LDSToReplacementIndicesMap;
+  int32_t KernelId{-1};
+  uint32_t MallocSize{0};
+};
+
+// Struct to store infor for creation of offset table
+// for all the non-kernel LDS accesses.
+struct NonKernelLDSParameters {
+  GlobalVariable *LDSBaseTable{nullptr};
+  GlobalVariable *LDSOffsetTable{nullptr};
+  SetVector<Function *> OrderedKernels;
+  SetVector<GlobalVariable *> OrdereLDSGlobals;
+};
+
+class AMDGPUSwLowerLDS {
+public:
+  AMDGPUSwLowerLDS(Module &mod, DomTreeCallback Callback)
+      : M(mod), IRB(M.getContext()), DTCallback(Callback) {}
+  bool run();
+  void getUsesOfLDSByNonKernels(CallGraph const &CG,
+                                FunctionVariableMap &functions);
+  SetVector<Function *>
+  getOrderedIndirectLDSAccessingKernels(SetVector<Function *> &&Kernels);
+  SetVector<GlobalVariable *>
+  getOrderedNonKernelAllLDSGlobals(SetVector<GlobalVariable *> &&Variables);
+  void populateSwLDSGlobal(Function *Func);
+  void populateSwMetadataGlobal(Function *Func);
+  void populateLDSToReplacementIndicesMap(Function *Func);
+  void replaceKernelLDSAccesses(Function *Func);
+  void lowerKernelLDSAccesses(Function *Func, DomTreeUpdater &DTU);
+  void buildNonKernelLDSOffsetTable(NonKernelLDSParameters &NKLDSParams);
+  void buildNonKernelLDSBaseTable(NonKernelLDSParameters &NKLDSParams);
+  Constant *
+  getAddressesOfVariablesInKernel(Function *Func,
+                                  SetVector<GlobalVariable *> &Variables);
+  void lowerNonKernelLDSAccesses(Function *Func,
+                                 SetVector<GlobalVariable *> &LDSGlobals,
+                                 NonKernelLDSParameters &NKLDSParams);
+
+private:
+  Module &M;
+  IRBuilder<> IRB;
+  DomTreeCallback DTCallback;
+  DenseMap<Function *, KernelLDSParameters> KernelToLDSParametersMap;
+};
+
+template <typename T> SetVector<T> sortByName(std::vector<T> &&V) {
+  // Sort the vector of globals or Functions based on their name.
+  // Returns a SetVector of globals/Functions.
+  llvm::sort(V.begin(), V.end(), [](const auto *L, const auto *R) {
+    return L->getName() < R->getName();
+  });
+  return {std::move(SetVector<T>(V.begin(), V.end()))};
+}
+
+SetVector<GlobalVariable *> AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::getOrderedNonKernelAllLDSGlobals(
+    SetVector<GlobalVariable *> &&Variables) {
+  // Sort all the non-kernel LDS accesses based on their name.
+  SetVector<GlobalVariable *> Ordered = sortByName(
+      std::vector<GlobalVariable *>(Variables.begin(), Variables.end()));
+  return std::move(Ordered);
+}
+
+SetVector<Function *> AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::getOrderedIndirectLDSAccessingKernels(
+    SetVector<Function *> &&Kernels) {
+  // Sort the non-kernels accessing LDS based on theor name.
+  // Also assign a kernel ID metadata based on the sorted order.
+  LLVMContext &Ctx = M.getContext();
+  if (Kernels.size() > UINT32_MAX) {
+    // 32 bit keeps it in one SGPR. > 2**32 kernels won't fit on the GPU
+    report_fatal_error("Unimplemented SW LDS lowering for > 2**32 kernels");
+  }
+  SetVector<Function *> OrderedKernels =
+      sortByName(std::vector<Function *>(Kernels.begin(), Kernels.end()));
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < Kernels.size(); i++) {
+    Metadata *AttrMDArgs[1] = {
+        ConstantAsMetadata::get(IRB.getInt32(i)),
+    };
+    Function *Func = OrderedKernels[i];
+    Func->setMetadata("llvm.amdgcn.lds.kernel.id",
+                      MDNode::get(Ctx, AttrMDArgs));
+    auto &LDSParams = KernelToLDSParametersMap[Func];
+    LDSParams.KernelId = i;
+  }
+  return std::move(OrderedKernels);
+}
+
+void AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::getUsesOfLDSByNonKernels(
+    CallGraph const &CG, FunctionVariableMap &functions) {
+  // Get uses from the current function, excluding uses by called functions
+  // Two output variables to avoid walking the globals list twice
+  for (auto &GV : M.globals()) {
+    if (!AMDGPU::isLDSVariableToLower(GV)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (GV.isAbsoluteSymbolRef()) {
+      report_fatal_error(
+          "LDS variables with absolute addresses are unimplemented.");
+    }
+
+    for (User *V : GV.users()) {
+      if (auto *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(V)) {
+        Function *F = I->getFunction();
+        if (!isKernelLDS(F)) {
+          functions[F].insert(&GV);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::populateSwLDSGlobal(Function *Func) {
+  // Create new LDS global required for each kernel to store
+  // device global memory pointer.
+  auto &LDSParams = KernelToLDSParametersMap[Func];
+  // create new global pointer variable
+  LDSParams.SwLDS = new GlobalVariable(
+      M, IRB.getPtrTy(), false, GlobalValue::InternalLinkage,
+      PoisonValue::get(IRB.getPtrTy()), "llvm.amdgcn.sw.lds." + Func->getName(),
+      nullptr, GlobalValue::NotThreadLocal, AMDGPUAS::LOCAL_ADDRESS, false);
+  return;
+}
+
+void AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::populateSwMetadataGlobal(Function *Func) {
+  // Create new metadata global for every kernel and initialize the
+  // start offsets and sizes corresponding to each LDS accesses.
+  auto &LDSParams = KernelToLDSParametersMap[Func];
+  auto &Ctx = M.getContext();
+  auto &DL = M.getDataLayout();
+  std::vector<Type *> Items;
+  Type *Int32Ty = IRB.getInt32Ty();
+  std::vector<Constant *> Initializers;
+  Align MaxAlignment(1);
+  auto UpdateMaxAlignment = [&MaxAlignment, &DL](GlobalVariable *GV) {
+    Align GVAlign = AMDGPU::getAlign(DL, GV);
+    MaxAlignment = std::max(MaxAlignment, GVAlign);
+  };
+
+  for (GlobalVariable *GV : LDSParams.DirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals)
+    UpdateMaxAlignment(GV);
+
+  for (GlobalVariable *GV : LDSParams.DirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals)
+    UpdateMaxAlignment(GV);
+
+  for (GlobalVariable *GV : LDSParams.IndirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals)
+    UpdateMaxAlignment(GV);
+
+  for (GlobalVariable *GV : LDSParams.IndirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals)
+    UpdateMaxAlignment(GV);
+
+  //{StartOffset, AlignedSizeInBytes}
+  SmallString<128> MDItemStr;
+  raw_svector_ostream MDItemOS(MDItemStr);
+  MDItemOS << "llvm.amdgcn.sw.lds." << Func->getName().str() << ".md.item";
+
+  StructType *LDSItemTy =
+      StructType::create(Ctx, {Int32Ty, Int32Ty}, MDItemOS.str());
+
+  auto buildInitializerForSwLDSMD = [&](SetVector<GlobalVariable *>
+                                            &LDSGlobals) {
+    for (auto &GV : LDSGlobals) {
+      Type *Ty = GV->getValueType();
+      const uint64_t SizeInBytes = DL.getTypeAllocSize(Ty);
+      Items.push_back(LDSItemTy);
+      Constant *ItemStartOffset =
+          ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, LDSParams.MallocSize);
+      uint64_t AlignedSize = alignTo(SizeInBytes, MaxAlignment);
+      Constant *AlignedSizeInBytesConst =
+          ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, AlignedSize);
+      LDSParams.MallocSize += AlignedSize;
+      Constant *InitItem = ConstantStruct::get(
+          LDSItemTy, {ItemStartOffset, AlignedSizeInBytesConst});
+      Initializers.push_back(InitItem);
+    }
+  };
+
+  buildInitializerForSwLDSMD(LDSParams.DirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals);
+  buildInitializerForSwLDSMD(LDSParams.IndirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals);
+  buildInitializerForSwLDSMD(LDSParams.DirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals);
+  buildInitializerForSwLDSMD(LDSParams.IndirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals);
+
+  SmallString<128> MDTypeStr;
+  raw_svector_ostream MDTypeOS(MDTypeStr);
+  MDTypeOS << "llvm.amdgcn.sw.lds." << Func->getName().str() << ".md.type";
+
+  StructType *MetadataStructType =
+      StructType::create(Ctx, Items, MDTypeOS.str());
+  SmallString<128> MDStr;
+  raw_svector_ostream MDOS(MDStr);
+  MDOS << "llvm.amdgcn.sw.lds." << Func->getName().str() << ".md";
+  LDSParams.SwLDSMetadata = new GlobalVariable(
+      M, MetadataStructType, false, GlobalValue::InternalLinkage,
+      PoisonValue::get(MetadataStructType), MDOS.str(), nullptr,
+      GlobalValue::NotThreadLocal, AMDGPUAS::GLOBAL_ADDRESS, false);
+  Constant *data = ConstantStruct::get(MetadataStructType, Initializers);
+  LDSParams.SwLDSMetadata->setInitializer(data);
+  assert(LDSParams.SwLDS);
+  // Set the alignment to MaxAlignment for SwLDS.
+  LDSParams.SwLDS->setAlignment(MaxAlignment);
+  GlobalValue::SanitizerMetadata MD;
+  MD.NoAddress = true;
+  LDSParams.SwLDSMetadata->setSanitizerMetadata(MD);
+  return;
+}
+
+void AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::populateLDSToReplacementIndicesMap(Function *Func) {
+  // Fill the corresponding LDS replacement indices for each LDS access
+  // related to this kernel.
+  auto &LDSParams = KernelToLDSParametersMap[Func];
+  auto PopulateIndices = [&](SetVector<GlobalVariable *> &LDSGlobals,
+                             uint32_t &Idx) {
+    for (auto &GV : LDSGlobals) {
+      LDSParams.LDSToReplacementIndicesMap[GV] = {0, Idx, 0};
+      ++Idx;
+    }
+  };
+  uint32_t Idx = 0;
+  PopulateIndices(LDSParams.DirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals, Idx);
+  PopulateIndices(LDSParams.IndirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals, Idx);
+  PopulateIndices(LDSParams.DirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals, Idx);
+  PopulateIndices(LDSParams.IndirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals, Idx);
+  return;
+}
+
+static void replacesUsesOfGlobalInFunction(Function *Func, GlobalVariable *GV,
+                                           Value *Replacement) {
+  // Replace all uses of LDS global in this Function with a Replacement.
+  auto ReplaceUsesLambda = [Func](const Use &U) -> bool {
+    auto *V = U.getUser();
+    if (auto *Inst = dyn_cast<Instruction>(V)) {
+      auto *Func1 = Inst->getParent()->getParent();
+      if (Func == Func1)
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  };
+  GV->replaceUsesWithIf(Replacement, ReplaceUsesLambda);
+  return;
+}
+
+void AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::replaceKernelLDSAccesses(Function *Func) {
+  auto &LDSParams = KernelToLDSParametersMap[Func];
+  GlobalVariable *SwLDS = LDSParams.SwLDS;
+  assert(SwLDS);
+  GlobalVariable *SwLDSMetadata = LDSParams.SwLDSMetadata;
+  assert(SwLDSMetadata);
+  StructType *SwLDSMetadataStructType =
+      cast<StructType>(SwLDSMetadata->getValueType());
+  Type *Int32Ty = IRB.getInt32Ty();
+
+  // Replace all uses of LDS global in this Function with a Replacement.
+  auto ReplaceLDSGlobalUses = [&](SetVector<GlobalVariable *> &LDSGlobals) {
+    for (auto &GV : LDSGlobals) {
+      // Do not generate instructions if LDS access is in non-kernel
+      // i.e indirect-access.
+      if ((LDSParams.IndirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals.contains(GV) ||
+           LDSParams.IndirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals.contains(GV)) &&
+          (!LDSParams.DirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals.contains(GV) &&
+           !LDSParams.DirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals.contains(GV)))
+        continue;
+      auto &Indices = LDSParams.LDSToReplacementIndicesMap[GV];
+      assert(Indices.size() == 3);
+      uint32_t Idx0 = Indices[0];
+      uint32_t Idx1 = Indices[1];
+      uint32_t Idx2 = Indices[2];
+      Constant *GEPIdx[] = {ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, Idx0),
+                            ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, Idx1),
+                            ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, Idx2)};
+      Constant *GEP = ConstantExpr::getGetElementPtr(
+          SwLDSMetadataStructType, SwLDSMetadata, GEPIdx, true);
+      Value *Load = IRB.CreateLoad(Int32Ty, GEP);
+      Value *BasePlusOffset =
+          IRB.CreateInBoundsGEP(IRB.getInt8Ty(), SwLDS, {Load});
+      replacesUsesOfGlobalInFunction(Func, GV, BasePlusOffset);
+    }
+  };
+  ReplaceLDSGlobalUses(LDSParams.DirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals);
+  ReplaceLDSGlobalUses(LDSParams.IndirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals);
+  ReplaceLDSGlobalUses(LDSParams.DirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals);
+  ReplaceLDSGlobalUses(LDSParams.IndirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals);
+  return;
+}
+
+void AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::lowerKernelLDSAccesses(Function *Func,
+                                              DomTreeUpdater &DTU) {
+  auto &LDSParams = KernelToLDSParametersMap[Func];
+  auto &Ctx = M.getContext();
+  auto *PrevEntryBlock = &Func->getEntryBlock();
+
+  // Create malloc block.
+  auto *MallocBlock = BasicBlock::Create(Ctx, "Malloc", Func, PrevEntryBlock);
+
+  // Create WIdBlock block which has instructions related to selection of
+  // {0,0,0} indiex work item in the work group.
+  auto *WIdBlock = BasicBlock::Create(Ctx, "WId", Func, MallocBlock);
+  IRB.SetInsertPoint(WIdBlock, WIdBlock->begin());
+  auto *const WIdx =
+      IRB.CreateIntrinsic(Intrinsic::amdgcn_workitem_id_x, {}, {});
+  auto *const WIdy =
+      IRB.CreateIntrinsic(Intrinsic::amdgcn_workitem_id_y, {}, {});
+  auto *const WIdz =
+      IRB.CreateIntrinsic(Intrinsic::amdgcn_workitem_id_z, {}, {});
+  auto *const XYOr = IRB.CreateOr(WIdx, WIdy);
+  auto *const XYZOr = IRB.CreateOr(XYOr, WIdz);
+  auto *const WIdzCond = IRB.CreateICmpEQ(XYZOr, IRB.getInt32(0));
+
+  GlobalVariable *SwLDS = LDSParams.SwLDS;
+  GlobalVariable *SwLDSMetadata = LDSParams.SwLDSMetadata;
+  assert(SwLDS && SwLDSMetadata);
+  StructType *MetadataStructType =
+      cast<StructType>(SwLDSMetadata->getValueType());
+
+  // All work items will branch to PrevEntryBlock except {0,0,0} index
+  // work item which will branch to malloc block.
+  IRB.CreateCondBr(WIdzCond, MallocBlock, PrevEntryBlock);
+
+  // Malloc block
+  IRB.SetInsertPoint(MallocBlock, MallocBlock->begin());
+
+  // If Dynamic LDS globals are accessed by the kernel,
+  // Get the size of dyn lds from hidden dyn_lds_size kernel arg.
+  // Update the corresponding metadata global entries for this dyn lds global.
+  uint32_t MallocSize = LDSParams.MallocSize;
+  Value *CurrMallocSize;
+
+  unsigned NumStaticLDS = LDSParams.DirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals.size() +
+                          LDSParams.IndirectAccess.StaticLDSGlobals.size();
+  unsigned NumDynLDS = LDSParams.DirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals.size() +
+                       LDSParams.IndirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals.size();
+
+  if (NumStaticLDS) {
+    auto *GEPForEndStaticLDSOffset = IRB.CreateInBoundsGEP(
+        MetadataStructType, SwLDSMetadata,
+        {IRB.getInt32(0), IRB.getInt32(NumStaticLDS - 1), IRB.getInt32(0)});
+
+    auto *GEPForEndStaticLDSSize = IRB.CreateInBoundsGEP(
+        MetadataStructType, SwLDSMetadata,
+        {IRB.getInt32(0), IRB.getInt32(NumStaticLDS - 1), IRB.getInt32(1)});
+
+    Value *EndStaticLDSOffset =
+        IRB.CreateLoad(IRB.getInt64Ty(), GEPForEndStaticLDSOffset);
+    Value *EndStaticLDSSize =
+        IRB.CreateLoad(IRB.getInt64Ty(), GEPForEndStaticLDSSize);
+    CurrMallocSize = IRB.CreateAdd(EndStaticLDSOffset, EndStaticLDSSize);
+  } else
+    CurrMallocSize = IRB.getInt64(MallocSize);
+
+  if (NumDynLDS) {
+    unsigned MaxAlignment = SwLDS->getAlignment();
+    Value *MaxAlignValue = IRB.getInt64(MaxAlignment);
+    Value *MaxAlignValueMinusOne = IRB.getInt64(MaxAlignment - 1);
+
+    Value *ImplicitArg =
+        IRB.CreateIntrinsic(Intrinsic::amdgcn_implicitarg_ptr, {}, {});
+    Value *HiddenDynLDSSize = IRB.CreateInBoundsGEP(
+        ImplicitArg->getType(), ImplicitArg, {IRB.getInt32(15)});
+
+    auto MallocSizeCalcLambda =
+        [&](SetVector<GlobalVariable *> &DynamicLDSGlobals) {
+          for (GlobalVariable *DynGV : DynamicLDSGlobals) {
+            auto &Indices = LDSParams.LDSToReplacementIndicesMap[DynGV];
+
+            // Update the Offset metadata.
+            auto *GEPForOffset = IRB.CreateInBoundsGEP(
+                MetadataStructType, SwLDSMetadata,
+                {IRB.getInt32(0), IRB.getInt32(Indices[1]), IRB.getInt32(0)});
+            IRB.CreateStore(CurrMallocSize, GEPForOffset);
+
+            // Get size from hidden dyn_lds_size argument of kernel
+            // Update the Aligned Size metadata.
+            auto *GEPForSize = IRB.CreateInBoundsGEP(
+                MetadataStructType, SwLDSMetadata,
+                {IRB.getInt32(0), IRB.getInt32(Indices[1]), IRB.getInt32(1)});
+            Value *CurrDynLDSSize =
+                IRB.CreateLoad(IRB.getInt64Ty(), HiddenDynLDSSize);
+            Value *AlignedDynLDSSize =
+                IRB.CreateAdd(CurrDynLDSSize, MaxAlignValueMinusOne);
+            AlignedDynLDSSize =
+                IRB.CreateUDiv(AlignedDynLDSSize, MaxAlignValue);
+            AlignedDynLDSSize = IRB.CreateMul(AlignedDynLDSSize, MaxAlignValue);
+            IRB.CreateStore(AlignedDynLDSSize, GEPForSize);
+
+            // Update the Current Malloc Size
+            CurrMallocSize = IRB.CreateAdd(CurrMallocSize, AlignedDynLDSSize);
+          }
+        };
+    MallocSizeCalcLambda(LDSParams.DirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals);
+    MallocSizeCalcLambda(LDSParams.IndirectAccess.DynamicLDSGlobals);
+  }
+
+  // Create a call to malloc function which does device global memory allocation
+  // with size equals to all LDS global accesses size  in this kernel.
+  FunctionCallee AMDGPUMallocFunc = M.getOrInsertFunction(
+      StringRef("malloc"),
+      FunctionType::get(IRB.getPtrTy(1), {IRB.getInt64Ty()}, false));
+  Value *MCI = IRB.CreateCall(AMDGPUMallocFunc, {CurrMallocSize});
+
+  // create store of malloc to new global
+  IRB.CreateStore(MCI, SwLDS);
+
+  // Create branch to PrevEntryBlock
+  IRB.CreateBr(PrevEntryBlock);
+
+  // Create wave-group barrier at the starting of Previous entry block
+  Type *Int1Ty = IRB.getInt1Ty();
+  IRB.SetInsertPoint(PrevEntryBlock, PrevEntryBlock->begin());
+  auto *XYZCondPhi = IRB.CreatePHI(Int1Ty, 2, "xyzCond");
+  XYZCondPhi->addIncoming(IRB.getInt1(0), WIdBlock);
+  XYZCondPhi->addIncoming(IRB.getInt1(1), MallocBlock);
+
+  IRB.CreateIntrinsic(Intrinsic::amdgcn_s_barrier, {}, {});
+
+  replaceKernelLDSAccesses(Func);
+
+  auto *CondFreeBlock = BasicBlock::Create(Ctx, "CondFree", Func);
+  auto *FreeBlock = BasicBlock::Create(Ctx, "Free", Func);
+  auto *EndBlock = BasicBlock::Create(Ctx, "End", Func);
+  for (BasicBlock &BB : *Func) {
+    if (!BB.empty()) {
+      if (ReturnInst *RI = dyn_cast<ReturnInst>(&BB.back())) {
+        RI->eraseFromParent();
+        IRB.SetInsertPoint(&BB, BB.end());
+        IRB.CreateBr(CondFreeBlock);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Cond Free Block
+  IRB.SetInsertPoint(CondFreeBlock, CondFreeBlock->begin());
+  IRB.CreateIntrinsic(Intrinsic::amdgcn_s_barrier, {}, {});
+  IRB.CreateCondBr(XYZCondPhi, FreeBlock, EndBlock);
+
+  // Free Block
+  IRB.SetInsertPoint(FreeBlock, FreeBlock->begin());
+
+  // Free the previously allocate device global memory.
+  FunctionCallee AMDGPUFreeReturn = M.getOrInsertFunction(
+      StringRef("free"),
+      FunctionType::get(IRB.getVoidTy(), {IRB.getPtrTy()}, false));
+
+  Value *MallocPtr = IRB.CreateLoad(IRB.getPtrTy(), SwLDS);
+  IRB.CreateCall(AMDGPUFreeReturn, {MallocPtr});
+  IRB.CreateBr(EndBlock);
+
+  // End Block
+  IRB.SetInsertPoint(EndBlock, EndBlock->begin());
+  IRB.CreateRetVoid();
+  // Update the DomTree with corresponding links to basic blocks.
+  DTU.applyUpdates({{DominatorTree::Insert, WIdBlock, MallocBlock},
+                    {DominatorTree::Insert, MallocBlock, PrevEntryBlock},
+                    {DominatorTree::Insert, CondFreeBlock, FreeBlock},
+                    {DominatorTree::Insert, FreeBlock, EndBlock}});
+  return;
+}
+
+Constant *AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::getAddressesOfVariablesInKernel(
+    Function *Func, SetVector<GlobalVariable *> &Variables) {
+  LLVMContext &Ctx = M.getContext();
+  Type *Int32Ty = Type::getInt32Ty(Ctx);
+  auto &LDSParams = KernelToLDSParametersMap[Func];
+
+  GlobalVariable *SwLDSMetadata = LDSParams.SwLDSMetadata;
+  assert(SwLDSMetadata);
+  StructType *SwLDSMetadataStructType =
+      cast<StructType>(SwLDSMetadata->getValueType());
+  ArrayType *KernelOffsetsType = ArrayType::get(Int32Ty, Variables.size());
+
+  SmallVector<Constant *> Elements;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < Variables.size(); i++) {
+    GlobalVariable *GV = Variables[i];
+    if (LDSParams.LDSToReplacementIndicesMap.contains(GV)) {
+      auto &Indices = LDSParams.LDSToReplacementIndicesMap[GV];
+      uint32_t Idx0 = Indices[0];
+      uint32_t Idx1 = Indices[1];
+      uint32_t Idx2 = Indices[2];
+      Constant *GEPIdx[] = {ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, Idx0),
+                            ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, Idx1),
+                            ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, Idx2)};
+      Constant *GEP = ConstantExpr::getGetElementPtr(
+          SwLDSMetadataStructType, SwLDSMetadata, GEPIdx, true);
+      auto elt = ConstantExpr::getPtrToInt(GEP, Int32Ty);
+      Elements.push_back(elt);
+    } else
+      Elements.push_back(PoisonValue::get(Int32Ty));
+  }
+  return ConstantArray::get(KernelOffsetsType, Elements);
+}
+
+void AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::buildNonKernelLDSBaseTable(
+    NonKernelLDSParameters &NKLDSParams) {
+  // Base table will have single row, with elements of the row
+  // placed as per kernel ID. Each element in the row corresponds
+  // to addresss of "SW LDS" global of the kernel.
+  auto &Kernels = NKLDSParams.OrderedKernels;
+  LLVMContext &Ctx = M.getContext();
+  Type *Int32Ty = Type::getInt32Ty(Ctx);
+  const size_t NumberKernels = Kernels.size();
+  ArrayType *AllKernelsOffsetsType = ArrayType::get(Int32Ty, NumberKernels);
+  std::vector<Constant *> overallConstantExprElts(NumberKernels);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < NumberKernels; i++) {
+    Function *Func = Kernels[i];
+    auto &LDSParams = KernelToLDSParametersMap[Func];
+    GlobalVariable *SwLDS = LDSParams.SwLDS;
+    assert(SwLDS);
+    Constant *GEPIdx[] = {ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, 0)};
+    Constant *GEP =
+        ConstantExpr::getGetElementPtr(SwLDS->getType(), SwLDS, GEPIdx, true);
+    auto Elt = ConstantExpr::getPtrToInt(GEP, Int32Ty);
+    overallConstantExprElts[i] = Elt;
+  }
+  Constant *init =
+      ConstantArray::get(AllKernelsOffsetsType, overallConstantExprElts);
+  NKLDSParams.LDSBaseTable = new GlobalVariable(
+      M, AllKernelsOffsetsType, true, GlobalValue::InternalLinkage, init,
+      "llvm.amdgcn.sw.lds.base.table", nullptr, GlobalValue::NotThreadLocal,
+      AMDGPUAS::CONSTANT_ADDRESS);
+}
+
+void AMDGPUSwLowerLDS::buildNonKernelLDSOffsetTable(
+    NonKernelLDSParameters &NKLDSParams) {
+  // Offset table will have multiple rows and columns.
+  // Rows are assumed to be from 0 to (n-1). n is total number
+  // of kernels accessing the LDS through non-kernels.
+  // Each row will have m elements. m is the total number of
+  // unique LDS globals accessed by non-kernels.
+  // Each element in the row correspond to the address of
+  // the replacement of LDS global done by that particular kernel.
+  auto &Variables = NKLDSParams.OrdereLDSGlobals;
+  auto &Kernels = NKLDSParams.OrderedKernels;
+  assert(!Variables.empty());
+  assert(!Kernels.empty());
+  LLVMContext &Ctx = M.getContext();
+  const size_t NumberVariables = Variables.size();
+  const size_t NumberKernels = Kernels.size();
+
+  ArrayType *KernelOffsetsType =
+      ArrayType::get(Type::getInt32Ty(Ctx), NumberVariables);
+
+  ArrayType *AllKernelsOffsetsType =
+      ArrayType::get(KernelOffsetsType, NumberKernels);
+  // Constant *Missing = PoisonValue::get(KernelOffsetsType);
+  std::vector<Constant *> overallConstantExprElts(NumberKernels);
----------------
Pierre-vh wrote:

`CamelCase`
```suggestion
  std::vector<Constant *> OverallConstantExprElts(NumberKernels);
```

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/87265


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