[llvm] Add the 'initialized' attribute langref and support (PR #84803)

[Arthur Eubanks via llvm-commits]

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@@ -1621,6 +1621,31 @@ Currently, only the following parameter attributes are defined:
     ``readonly`` or a ``memory`` attribute that does not contain
     ``argmem: write``.
 
+``initialized((Lo1,Hi1),...)``
+    This attribute indicates that the function initializes the ranges of the
+    pointer parameter's memory, ``[%p+LoN, %p+HiN)``. Initialization of memory
+    means the first memory access is a non-volatile, non-atomic write. The
+    write must happen before the function returns. If the function unwinds,
+    the write may not happen.
+
+    This attribute only holds for the memory accessed via this pointer
+    parameter. Other arbitrary accesses to the same memory via other pointers
+    are allowed.
+
+    Note that this attribute does not apply to the unwind edge: the
+    initializing function does not read the pointer before writing to it
+    regardless of unwinding or not, but the memory may not actually be
+    written to when unwinding happens.
+
+    The ``writable`` or ``dereferenceable`` attribute does not imply the
+    ``initialized`` attribute. The ``initialized`` does not imply ``writeonly``
+    since ``initialized`` allows reading from the pointer after writing.
+
+    This attribute is a list of constant ranges in ascending order with no
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aeubanks wrote:

for completeness say that an empty list isn't allowed

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/84803