[llvm] Make clang report garbage target versions. (PR #75373)

[via llvm-commits]

pirama-arumuga-nainar wrote:

@llvm/clang-vendors since this change can affect downstream components.

Can we do this change in two steps?
1. Since we want this error for Android, let's make a PR that restricts the error only to Android.
2. Make a follow-up PR to report error for all environments.  We can revert/iterate on this PR until all downstream errors are handled.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/75373