[libcxx-commits] [libcxx] [libc++] Recognize _BitInt(N) as signed/unsigned integer type (PR #185027)

Xavier Roche via libcxx-commits libcxx-commits at lists.llvm.org
Thu Mar 12 05:07:05 PDT 2026


https://github.com/xroche updated https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/185027

>From b33ccf1bad9cfad7fe57156910bc437fc9139c56 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xavier Roche <xavier.roche at algolia.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2026 16:38:23 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 1/9] [libc++] Recognize _BitInt(N) as signed/unsigned integer
 type

Replace the explicit specialization lists in __is_signed_integer_v and
__is_unsigned_integer_v with builtin-based detection using __is_integral,
__is_signed, and __is_unsigned. This automatically covers _BitInt(N) for
any N, in addition to all standard and extended integer types.

Character types (char, wchar_t, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t) and bool
are excluded via a __is_character_or_bool_v helper, matching the standard
definition of signed/unsigned integer types per [basic.fundamental]/p1-2.

CV-qualified types are excluded to match the behavior of the original
explicit specializations (template specializations don't match
cv-qualified types), preserving the existing semantics of library
features like std::formattable.

This unblocks all <bit> header operations for _BitInt(N):
std::popcount, std::countl_zero, std::countr_zero, std::bit_width,
std::has_single_bit, std::bit_ceil, std::bit_floor, std::rotl, std::rotr.

Assisted-by: Claude (Anthropic)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply at anthropic.com>
---
 libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h |  69 +++---
 .../test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp   | 217 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 252 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp

diff --git a/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h b/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
index fad502c44e301..531857935347f 100644
--- a/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
+++ b/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
@@ -17,43 +17,44 @@
 
 _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
 
-// This trait is to determine whether a type is a /signed integer type/
-// See [basic.fundamental]/p1
-template <class _Tp>
-inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v = false;
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed char> = true;
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed short> = true;
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed int> = true;
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed long> = true;
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed long long> = true;
-#if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<__int128_t> = true;
+// These traits determine whether a type is a /signed integer type/ or
+// /unsigned integer type/ per [basic.fundamental]/p1-2.
+//
+// Signed/unsigned integer types include the standard types (signed char,
+// short, int, long, long long), extended integer types (__int128), and
+// bit-precise integer types (_BitInt(N)).
+//
+// Character types (char, wchar_t, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t) and bool
+// are integral but are NOT signed/unsigned integer types.
+
+// clang-format off
+template <class _Tp> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v = false;
+template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<bool>     = true;
+template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char>     = true;
+#if _LIBCPP_HAS_WIDE_CHARACTERS
+template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<wchar_t>  = true;
 #endif
+#if _LIBCPP_HAS_CHAR8_T
+template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char8_t>  = true;
+#endif
+template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char16_t> = true;
+template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char32_t> = true;
+// clang-format on
 
-// This trait is to determine whether a type is an /unsigned integer type/
-// See [basic.fundamental]/p2
+// Signed integer types: all signed integral types except character types.
+// Uses compiler builtins to automatically cover _BitInt(N) for any N.
+// CV-qualified types are excluded to match the behavior of the original
+// explicit specializations and to avoid accidentally enabling library
+// features (e.g. std::formattable) for volatile-qualified types.
 template <class _Tp>
-inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v = false;
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned char> = true;
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned short> = true;
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned int> = true;
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned long> = true;
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned long long> = true;
-#if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
-template <>
-inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<__uint128_t> = true;
-#endif
+inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v =
+    !__is_const(_Tp) && !__is_volatile(_Tp) && __is_integral(_Tp) && __is_signed(_Tp) && !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
+
+// Unsigned integer types: all unsigned integral types except character types and bool.
+template <class _Tp>
+inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v =
+    !__is_const(_Tp) && !__is_volatile(_Tp) && __is_integral(_Tp) && __is_unsigned(_Tp) &&
+    !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
 
 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
 template <class _Tp>
diff --git a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..906f25f972bab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Test that _BitInt(N) is recognized as a signed/unsigned integer type by
+// libc++ internal traits, and that <bit> operations work for all valid widths.
+
+// UNSUPPORTED: c++03, c++11, c++14, c++17
+
+#include <bit>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+// ===== Type traits =====
+// _BitInt(N) must satisfy is_integral, is_signed/is_unsigned, is_arithmetic
+
+template <int N>
+void test_signed_traits() {
+  using T = _BitInt(N);
+  static_assert(std::is_integral_v<T>);
+  static_assert(std::is_signed_v<T>);
+  static_assert(!std::is_unsigned_v<T>);
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic_v<T>);
+  static_assert(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized);
+}
+
+template <int N>
+void test_unsigned_traits() {
+  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
+  static_assert(std::is_integral_v<T>);
+  static_assert(!std::is_signed_v<T>);
+  static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<T>);
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic_v<T>);
+  static_assert(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized);
+}
+
+// ===== Negative tests =====
+// Character types and bool must NOT satisfy __signed_integer/__unsigned_integer
+// (they are integral but not "integer types" per [basic.fundamental])
+
+static_assert(std::is_integral_v<bool>);
+static_assert(std::is_integral_v<char>);
+static_assert(std::is_integral_v<wchar_t>);
+static_assert(std::is_integral_v<char16_t>);
+static_assert(std::is_integral_v<char32_t>);
+// These types are integral but we cannot directly test the internal
+// __is_signed_integer_v trait here. Instead we verify that the <bit>
+// operations correctly reject them (they require __unsigned_integer).
+
+// ===== Bit operations =====
+
+template <int N>
+void test_popcount() {
+  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
+  assert(std::popcount(T(0)) == 0);
+  assert(std::popcount(T(1)) == 1);
+  if constexpr (N >= 8)
+    assert(std::popcount(T(0xFF)) == 8);
+}
+
+template <int N>
+void test_countl_zero() {
+  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
+  // countl_zero(0) returns the declared width N (all bits are leading zeros)
+  assert(std::countl_zero(T(0)) == N);
+  // countl_zero(1) returns N - 1
+  assert(std::countl_zero(T(1)) == N - 1);
+  // Max value: all N bits set, zero leading zeros
+  assert(std::countl_zero(T(~T(0))) == 0);
+}
+
+template <int N>
+void test_countr_zero() {
+  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
+  assert(std::countr_zero(T(0)) == N);
+  assert(std::countr_zero(T(1)) == 0);
+  assert(std::countr_zero(T(T(1) << (N - 1))) == N - 1);
+}
+
+// bit_width and has_single_bit depend on numeric_limits::digits being correct.
+// For non-byte-aligned _BitInt(N), digits uses sizeof*CHAR_BIT which exceeds N.
+// Only test byte-aligned widths here; a separate fix for numeric_limits::digits
+// will enable testing all widths.
+
+template <int N>
+void test_bit_width() {
+  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
+  assert(std::bit_width(T(0)) == 0);
+  assert(std::bit_width(T(1)) == 1);
+  if constexpr (N >= 11)
+    assert(std::bit_width(T(1024)) == 11);
+  assert(std::bit_width(T(~T(0))) == N);
+}
+
+template <int N>
+void test_has_single_bit() {
+  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
+  assert(!std::has_single_bit(T(0)));
+  assert(std::has_single_bit(T(1)));
+  if constexpr (N >= 8) {
+    assert(std::has_single_bit(T(128)));
+    assert(!std::has_single_bit(T(129)));
+  }
+}
+
+// Big-number popcount test: verified with Python
+void test_popcount_big_numbers() {
+#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+  {
+    // (1 << 200) - 1 has exactly 200 bits set
+    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 200;
+    v -= 1;
+    assert(std::popcount(v) == 200);
+  }
+  {
+    // Exactly 4 bits set at positions 0, 64, 128, 255
+    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) | ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 64) |
+                              ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 128) | ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 255);
+    assert(std::popcount(v) == 4);
+  }
+#endif
+#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 4096
+  {
+    unsigned _BitInt(4096) v = ~(unsigned _BitInt(4096))(0);
+    assert(std::popcount(v) == 4096);
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+// Big-number countl_zero test
+void test_countl_zero_big_numbers() {
+#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+  {
+    // Bit set at position 200 in a 256-bit integer: 55 leading zeros
+    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 200;
+    assert(std::countl_zero(v) == 55);
+  }
+#endif
+#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 4096
+  {
+    unsigned _BitInt(4096) v = (unsigned _BitInt(4096))(1) << 4000;
+    assert(std::countl_zero(v) == 95);
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+template <int N>
+void test_all() {
+  test_signed_traits<N>();
+  test_unsigned_traits<N>();
+  test_popcount<N>();
+  test_countl_zero<N>();
+  test_countr_zero<N>();
+}
+
+// Only test bit_width/has_single_bit for byte-aligned widths where
+// numeric_limits::digits == N (see comment above).
+template <int N>
+void test_all_with_bit_width() {
+  test_all<N>();
+  test_bit_width<N>();
+  test_has_single_bit<N>();
+}
+
+int main(int, char**) {
+  // unsigned _BitInt(1) is the minimum unsigned width.
+  // signed _BitInt(1) is illegal -- minimum signed width is 2.
+  test_unsigned_traits<1>();
+  test_popcount<1>();
+
+  // _BitInt(2): minimum signed width
+  test_signed_traits<2>();
+  test_unsigned_traits<2>();
+  test_popcount<2>();
+
+  // Standard power-of-2 widths: byte-aligned, so bit_width/has_single_bit work
+  test_all_with_bit_width<8>();
+  test_all_with_bit_width<16>();
+  test_all_with_bit_width<32>();
+  test_all_with_bit_width<64>();
+  test_all_with_bit_width<128>();
+
+  // Odd widths -- popcount/countl_zero/countr_zero work, but bit_width and
+  // has_single_bit may give wrong results due to numeric_limits::digits using
+  // sizeof*CHAR_BIT instead of the actual bit width N.
+  test_all<7>();
+  test_all<9>();
+  test_all<15>();
+  test_all<17>();
+  test_all<33>();
+  test_all<65>();
+  test_all<127>();
+
+  // Wide _BitInt (N > 128) is only supported on some targets.
+#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+  test_all_with_bit_width<256>();
+  test_all<129>();
+  test_all<255>();
+  test_all<257>();
+  test_all<512>();
+  test_all<1024>();
+#endif
+#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 4096
+  test_all_with_bit_width<4096>();
+#endif
+
+  // Big number tests (Python-verified expected values)
+  test_popcount_big_numbers();
+  test_countl_zero_big_numbers();
+
+  return 0;
+}

>From fe7e7718d9c328e009fbd8ef458d8558a3e5068b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xavier Roche <xavier.roche at algolia.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2026 17:01:43 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 2/9] [libc++] Fix CI: gate builtin approach behind __clang__,
 fix test assertions

Two CI failures:

1. GCC-15 with -Wtemplate-body: the builtin-based __is_unsigned_integer_v
   fails constraint checking in uninstantiated template bodies. Fix: use
   #ifdef __clang__ to select builtin approach (covers _BitInt) on Clang,
   and keep explicit specializations on GCC (where _BitInt is unavailable).

2. generic-modules (Clang): countl_zero(_BitInt(7)(0)) returns 8 not 7
   because numeric_limits::digits uses sizeof*CHAR_BIT (a pre-existing
   bug for non-byte-aligned _BitInt). Fix: relax test assertions for
   countl_zero/countr_zero to not depend on digits == N.

Assisted-by: Claude (Anthropic)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply at anthropic.com>
---
 libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h | 59 +++++++++++++++----
 .../test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp   | 14 ++---
 2 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h b/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
index 531857935347f..f38e033d02e0b 100644
--- a/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
+++ b/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
@@ -20,42 +20,75 @@ _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
 // These traits determine whether a type is a /signed integer type/ or
 // /unsigned integer type/ per [basic.fundamental]/p1-2.
 //
-// Signed/unsigned integer types include the standard types (signed char,
-// short, int, long, long long), extended integer types (__int128), and
-// bit-precise integer types (_BitInt(N)).
+// Signed/unsigned integer types include the standard integer types
+// (signed/unsigned char, short, int, long, long long), extended integer
+// types (__int128), and bit-precise integer types (_BitInt(N)).
 //
 // Character types (char, wchar_t, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t) and bool
 // are integral but are NOT signed/unsigned integer types.
 
+#ifdef __clang__
+
+// On Clang, use compiler builtins to automatically cover _BitInt(N) in
+// addition to all standard and extended integer types.
+
 // clang-format off
 template <class _Tp> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v = false;
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<bool>     = true;
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char>     = true;
-#if _LIBCPP_HAS_WIDE_CHARACTERS
+#  if _LIBCPP_HAS_WIDE_CHARACTERS
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<wchar_t>  = true;
-#endif
-#if _LIBCPP_HAS_CHAR8_T
+#  endif
+#  if _LIBCPP_HAS_CHAR8_T
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char8_t>  = true;
-#endif
+#  endif
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char16_t> = true;
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char32_t> = true;
 // clang-format on
 
-// Signed integer types: all signed integral types except character types.
-// Uses compiler builtins to automatically cover _BitInt(N) for any N.
-// CV-qualified types are excluded to match the behavior of the original
-// explicit specializations and to avoid accidentally enabling library
-// features (e.g. std::formattable) for volatile-qualified types.
+// CV-qualified types are excluded to match the behavior of the explicit
+// specializations in the GCC path (template specializations don't match
+// cv-qualified types).
 template <class _Tp>
 inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v =
     !__is_const(_Tp) && !__is_volatile(_Tp) && __is_integral(_Tp) && __is_signed(_Tp) && !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
 
-// Unsigned integer types: all unsigned integral types except character types and bool.
 template <class _Tp>
 inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v =
     !__is_const(_Tp) && !__is_volatile(_Tp) && __is_integral(_Tp) && __is_unsigned(_Tp) &&
     !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
 
+#else // __clang__
+
+// On other compilers, use explicit specializations for standard types.
+// _BitInt is a Clang extension and not available on GCC/MSVC.
+
+// clang-format off
+template <class _Tp>
+inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v                          = false;
+template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed char>      = true;
+template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed short>     = true;
+template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed int>       = true;
+template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed long>      = true;
+template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed long long> = true;
+#  if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
+template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<__int128_t>       = true;
+#  endif
+
+template <class _Tp>
+inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v                            = false;
+template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned char>      = true;
+template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned short>     = true;
+template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned int>       = true;
+template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned long>      = true;
+template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned long long> = true;
+#  if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
+template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<__uint128_t>        = true;
+#  endif
+// clang-format on
+
+#endif // __clang__
+
 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
 template <class _Tp>
 concept __signed_integer = __is_signed_integer_v<_Tp>;
diff --git a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
index 906f25f972bab..770bf590dadb3 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
@@ -63,21 +63,21 @@ void test_popcount() {
     assert(std::popcount(T(0xFF)) == 8);
 }
 
+// countl_zero and countr_zero use numeric_limits::digits internally.
+// For non-byte-aligned _BitInt(N), digits == sizeof*CHAR_BIT which may
+// exceed N. Only assert exact values for byte-aligned widths here.
+
 template <int N>
 void test_countl_zero() {
   using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
-  // countl_zero(0) returns the declared width N (all bits are leading zeros)
-  assert(std::countl_zero(T(0)) == N);
-  // countl_zero(1) returns N - 1
-  assert(std::countl_zero(T(1)) == N - 1);
-  // Max value: all N bits set, zero leading zeros
-  assert(std::countl_zero(T(~T(0))) == 0);
+  // countl_zero(1): result is digits - 1 (digits may exceed N for
+  // non-byte-aligned widths due to numeric_limits using sizeof*CHAR_BIT)
+  assert(std::countl_zero(T(1)) >= N - 1);
 }
 
 template <int N>
 void test_countr_zero() {
   using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
-  assert(std::countr_zero(T(0)) == N);
   assert(std::countr_zero(T(1)) == 0);
   assert(std::countr_zero(T(T(1) << (N - 1))) == N - 1);
 }

>From ad6f2e6cf033e4960cbb79d24e13a7bf24671b9b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xavier Roche <xavier.roche at algolia.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2026 17:28:27 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 3/9] [libc++] Fix CI: skip _BitInt test on GCC

_BitInt is a Clang extension not available on GCC. Mark the test
as UNSUPPORTED: gcc to avoid compilation errors from unrecognized
_BitInt syntax and undefined __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ macro.

Assisted-by: Claude (Anthropic)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply at anthropic.com>
---
 libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
index 770bf590dadb3..c50092a45c229 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 // libc++ internal traits, and that <bit> operations work for all valid widths.
 
 // UNSUPPORTED: c++03, c++11, c++14, c++17
+// UNSUPPORTED: gcc
 
 #include <bit>
 #include <cassert>

>From ae0bbe2a637a995583f93c49d631fba4dd56cb81 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xavier Roche <xavier.roche at algolia.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2026 18:50:46 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 4/9] [libc++] Fix CI: skip _BitInt test on picolibc
 (bare-metal armv7-m)

_BitInt operations on bare-metal armv7-m (picolibc) fail in CI.
Mark the test UNSUPPORTED for this platform, matching the pattern
used by other tests that don't work on this embedded target.

Assisted-by: Claude (Anthropic)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply at anthropic.com>
---
 libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
index c50092a45c229..90a667fe57318 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 // UNSUPPORTED: c++03, c++11, c++14, c++17
 // UNSUPPORTED: gcc
+// UNSUPPORTED: LIBCXX-PICOLIBC-FIXME
 
 #include <bit>
 #include <cassert>

>From a28f033503e354931e989548a97158e8db06ceb6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xavier Roche <xavier.roche at algolia.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2026 20:31:15 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 5/9] [libc++] Fix CI: always exclude wchar_t from integer type
 traits

wchar_t always exists as a type in C++, even when
_LIBCPP_HAS_WIDE_CHARACTERS is disabled (that flag only controls
library support for wide character functions). Without the
unconditional exclusion, wchar_t incorrectly satisfies
__unsigned_integer on platforms with wide characters disabled,
breaking saturation arithmetic and other constrained functions.

Assisted-by: Claude (Anthropic)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply at anthropic.com>
---
 libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h | 2 --
 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h b/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
index f38e033d02e0b..cb149a08575ed 100644
--- a/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
+++ b/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
@@ -36,9 +36,7 @@ _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
 template <class _Tp> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v = false;
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<bool>     = true;
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char>     = true;
-#  if _LIBCPP_HAS_WIDE_CHARACTERS
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<wchar_t>  = true;
-#  endif
 #  if _LIBCPP_HAS_CHAR8_T
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char8_t>  = true;
 #  endif

>From 561fb9279786986cd61cdf2173bc832c43aa9b43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xavier Roche <xavier.roche at algolia.com>
Date: Sat, 7 Mar 2026 08:49:32 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 6/9] [libc++] Improve _BitInt test: direct trait assertions,
 coverage gaps

- Test __is_signed_integer_v / __is_unsigned_integer_v directly instead
  of only testing downstream effects (the core of this PR was untested!)
- Add negative tests: bool, char, wchar_t, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t
  all correctly rejected by the internal traits
- Add CV-qualification tests: const/volatile _BitInt and standard types
- Add C++20 concept tests: __signed_integer, __unsigned_integer,
  __signed_or_unsigned_integer
- Verify all standard integer types still recognized through Clang path

Assisted-by: Claude (Anthropic)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply at anthropic.com>
---
 .../test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp   | 80 +++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 64 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
index 90a667fe57318..b34b37add4fff 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
@@ -7,54 +7,102 @@
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 // Test that _BitInt(N) is recognized as a signed/unsigned integer type by
-// libc++ internal traits, and that <bit> operations work for all valid widths.
+// libc++ internal type traits (__is_signed_integer_v / __is_unsigned_integer_v),
+// and that downstream <bit> operations work for various widths.
 
 // UNSUPPORTED: c++03, c++11, c++14, c++17
 // UNSUPPORTED: gcc
 // UNSUPPORTED: LIBCXX-PICOLIBC-FIXME
 
+#include <__type_traits/integer_traits.h>
 #include <bit>
 #include <cassert>
 #include <limits>
 #include <type_traits>
 
-// ===== Type traits =====
-// _BitInt(N) must satisfy is_integral, is_signed/is_unsigned, is_arithmetic
-
+// Verify the internal traits directly for _BitInt(N).
 template <int N>
 void test_signed_traits() {
   using T = _BitInt(N);
+  static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<T>);
+  static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<T>);
   static_assert(std::is_integral_v<T>);
   static_assert(std::is_signed_v<T>);
   static_assert(!std::is_unsigned_v<T>);
   static_assert(std::is_arithmetic_v<T>);
   static_assert(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized);
+
+  // CV-qualified _BitInt must NOT satisfy the integer traits (matching the
+  // behavior of explicit specializations which don't match cv-qualified types).
+  static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<const T>);
+  static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<volatile T>);
+  static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<const volatile T>);
+
+  // C++20 concepts.
+  static_assert(std::__signed_integer<T>);
+  static_assert(!std::__unsigned_integer<T>);
+  static_assert(std::__signed_or_unsigned_integer<T>);
 }
 
 template <int N>
 void test_unsigned_traits() {
   using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
+  static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<T>);
+  static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<T>);
   static_assert(std::is_integral_v<T>);
   static_assert(!std::is_signed_v<T>);
   static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<T>);
   static_assert(std::is_arithmetic_v<T>);
   static_assert(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized);
+
+  static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<const T>);
+  static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<volatile T>);
+  static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<const volatile T>);
+
+  static_assert(std::__unsigned_integer<T>);
+  static_assert(!std::__signed_integer<T>);
+  static_assert(std::__signed_or_unsigned_integer<T>);
 }
 
-// ===== Negative tests =====
-// Character types and bool must NOT satisfy __signed_integer/__unsigned_integer
-// (they are integral but not "integer types" per [basic.fundamental])
+// Character types and bool are integral but NOT integer types per
+// [basic.fundamental]. Verify the internal traits reject them.
+static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<bool>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<bool>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<char>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<char>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<wchar_t>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<wchar_t>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<char16_t>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<char16_t>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<char32_t>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<char32_t>);
+#if _LIBCPP_HAS_CHAR8_T
+static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<char8_t>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<char8_t>);
+#endif
+
+// Standard integer types must still be recognized.
+static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<signed char>);
+static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<short>);
+static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<int>);
+static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<long>);
+static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<long long>);
+static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned char>);
+static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned short>);
+static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned int>);
+static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned long>);
+static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned long long>);
+#if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
+static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<__int128_t>);
+static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<__uint128_t>);
+#endif
 
-static_assert(std::is_integral_v<bool>);
-static_assert(std::is_integral_v<char>);
-static_assert(std::is_integral_v<wchar_t>);
-static_assert(std::is_integral_v<char16_t>);
-static_assert(std::is_integral_v<char32_t>);
-// These types are integral but we cannot directly test the internal
-// __is_signed_integer_v trait here. Instead we verify that the <bit>
-// operations correctly reject them (they require __unsigned_integer).
+// CV-qualified standard types must also be rejected.
+static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<const int>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<volatile int>);
+static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<const unsigned>);
 
-// ===== Bit operations =====
+// Bit operations (downstream integration test).
 
 template <int N>
 void test_popcount() {

>From df3f1c5266f8305dc5d5b552884c773719376a1a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xavier Roche <xavier.roche at algolia.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2026 17:00:53 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 7/9] [libc++] Address review: use library traits, test public
 <bit> API

Per review feedback:
- Use is_integral_v/is_signed_v/is_unsigned_v instead of compiler
  builtins directly. This removes the #ifdef __clang__ / GCC split.
- Drop the CV-qualification check (unnecessary for current callers).
- Move test from test/libcxx/type_traits/ to test/std/numerics/bit/
  and focus on public <bit> operations (popcount, countl_zero,
  countr_zero, countl_one, countr_one, rotl, rotr, bit_width,
  has_single_bit, bit_ceil, bit_floor) instead of testing internal
  traits directly.

Assisted-by: Claude (Anthropic)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply at anthropic.com>
---
 libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h |  57 +---
 .../test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp   | 267 ------------------
 libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitint.pass.cpp  | 175 ++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 182 insertions(+), 317 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
 create mode 100644 libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitint.pass.cpp

diff --git a/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h b/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
index cb149a08575ed..f8a2aa52c5dd7 100644
--- a/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
+++ b/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
 #define _LIBCPP___TYPE_TRAITS_INTEGER_TRAITS_H
 
 #include <__config>
+#include <__type_traits/is_integral.h>
+#include <__type_traits/is_signed.h>
+#include <__type_traits/is_unsigned.h>
 
 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
 #  pragma GCC system_header
@@ -20,72 +23,26 @@ _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
 // These traits determine whether a type is a /signed integer type/ or
 // /unsigned integer type/ per [basic.fundamental]/p1-2.
 //
-// Signed/unsigned integer types include the standard integer types
-// (signed/unsigned char, short, int, long, long long), extended integer
-// types (__int128), and bit-precise integer types (_BitInt(N)).
-//
 // Character types (char, wchar_t, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t) and bool
 // are integral but are NOT signed/unsigned integer types.
 
-#ifdef __clang__
-
-// On Clang, use compiler builtins to automatically cover _BitInt(N) in
-// addition to all standard and extended integer types.
-
 // clang-format off
 template <class _Tp> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v = false;
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<bool>     = true;
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char>     = true;
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<wchar_t>  = true;
-#  if _LIBCPP_HAS_CHAR8_T
+#if _LIBCPP_HAS_CHAR8_T
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char8_t>  = true;
-#  endif
+#endif
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char16_t> = true;
 template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char32_t> = true;
 // clang-format on
 
-// CV-qualified types are excluded to match the behavior of the explicit
-// specializations in the GCC path (template specializations don't match
-// cv-qualified types).
 template <class _Tp>
-inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v =
-    !__is_const(_Tp) && !__is_volatile(_Tp) && __is_integral(_Tp) && __is_signed(_Tp) && !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
+inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v = is_integral_v<_Tp> && is_signed_v<_Tp> && !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
 
 template <class _Tp>
-inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v =
-    !__is_const(_Tp) && !__is_volatile(_Tp) && __is_integral(_Tp) && __is_unsigned(_Tp) &&
-    !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
-
-#else // __clang__
-
-// On other compilers, use explicit specializations for standard types.
-// _BitInt is a Clang extension and not available on GCC/MSVC.
-
-// clang-format off
-template <class _Tp>
-inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v                          = false;
-template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed char>      = true;
-template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed short>     = true;
-template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed int>       = true;
-template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed long>      = true;
-template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<signed long long> = true;
-#  if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
-template <> inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v<__int128_t>       = true;
-#  endif
-
-template <class _Tp>
-inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v                            = false;
-template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned char>      = true;
-template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned short>     = true;
-template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned int>       = true;
-template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned long>      = true;
-template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned long long> = true;
-#  if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
-template <> inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v<__uint128_t>        = true;
-#  endif
-// clang-format on
-
-#endif // __clang__
+inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v = is_integral_v<_Tp> && is_unsigned_v<_Tp> && !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
 
 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
 template <class _Tp>
diff --git a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index b34b37add4fff..0000000000000
--- a/libcxx/test/libcxx/type_traits/bitint.pass.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,267 +0,0 @@
-//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
-//
-// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
-// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
-//
-//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
-
-// Test that _BitInt(N) is recognized as a signed/unsigned integer type by
-// libc++ internal type traits (__is_signed_integer_v / __is_unsigned_integer_v),
-// and that downstream <bit> operations work for various widths.
-
-// UNSUPPORTED: c++03, c++11, c++14, c++17
-// UNSUPPORTED: gcc
-// UNSUPPORTED: LIBCXX-PICOLIBC-FIXME
-
-#include <__type_traits/integer_traits.h>
-#include <bit>
-#include <cassert>
-#include <limits>
-#include <type_traits>
-
-// Verify the internal traits directly for _BitInt(N).
-template <int N>
-void test_signed_traits() {
-  using T = _BitInt(N);
-  static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<T>);
-  static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<T>);
-  static_assert(std::is_integral_v<T>);
-  static_assert(std::is_signed_v<T>);
-  static_assert(!std::is_unsigned_v<T>);
-  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic_v<T>);
-  static_assert(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized);
-
-  // CV-qualified _BitInt must NOT satisfy the integer traits (matching the
-  // behavior of explicit specializations which don't match cv-qualified types).
-  static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<const T>);
-  static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<volatile T>);
-  static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<const volatile T>);
-
-  // C++20 concepts.
-  static_assert(std::__signed_integer<T>);
-  static_assert(!std::__unsigned_integer<T>);
-  static_assert(std::__signed_or_unsigned_integer<T>);
-}
-
-template <int N>
-void test_unsigned_traits() {
-  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
-  static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<T>);
-  static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<T>);
-  static_assert(std::is_integral_v<T>);
-  static_assert(!std::is_signed_v<T>);
-  static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<T>);
-  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic_v<T>);
-  static_assert(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized);
-
-  static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<const T>);
-  static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<volatile T>);
-  static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<const volatile T>);
-
-  static_assert(std::__unsigned_integer<T>);
-  static_assert(!std::__signed_integer<T>);
-  static_assert(std::__signed_or_unsigned_integer<T>);
-}
-
-// Character types and bool are integral but NOT integer types per
-// [basic.fundamental]. Verify the internal traits reject them.
-static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<bool>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<bool>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<char>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<char>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<wchar_t>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<wchar_t>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<char16_t>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<char16_t>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<char32_t>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<char32_t>);
-#if _LIBCPP_HAS_CHAR8_T
-static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<char8_t>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<char8_t>);
-#endif
-
-// Standard integer types must still be recognized.
-static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<signed char>);
-static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<short>);
-static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<int>);
-static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<long>);
-static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<long long>);
-static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned char>);
-static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned short>);
-static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned int>);
-static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned long>);
-static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<unsigned long long>);
-#if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
-static_assert(std::__is_signed_integer_v<__int128_t>);
-static_assert(std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<__uint128_t>);
-#endif
-
-// CV-qualified standard types must also be rejected.
-static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<const int>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_signed_integer_v<volatile int>);
-static_assert(!std::__is_unsigned_integer_v<const unsigned>);
-
-// Bit operations (downstream integration test).
-
-template <int N>
-void test_popcount() {
-  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
-  assert(std::popcount(T(0)) == 0);
-  assert(std::popcount(T(1)) == 1);
-  if constexpr (N >= 8)
-    assert(std::popcount(T(0xFF)) == 8);
-}
-
-// countl_zero and countr_zero use numeric_limits::digits internally.
-// For non-byte-aligned _BitInt(N), digits == sizeof*CHAR_BIT which may
-// exceed N. Only assert exact values for byte-aligned widths here.
-
-template <int N>
-void test_countl_zero() {
-  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
-  // countl_zero(1): result is digits - 1 (digits may exceed N for
-  // non-byte-aligned widths due to numeric_limits using sizeof*CHAR_BIT)
-  assert(std::countl_zero(T(1)) >= N - 1);
-}
-
-template <int N>
-void test_countr_zero() {
-  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
-  assert(std::countr_zero(T(1)) == 0);
-  assert(std::countr_zero(T(T(1) << (N - 1))) == N - 1);
-}
-
-// bit_width and has_single_bit depend on numeric_limits::digits being correct.
-// For non-byte-aligned _BitInt(N), digits uses sizeof*CHAR_BIT which exceeds N.
-// Only test byte-aligned widths here; a separate fix for numeric_limits::digits
-// will enable testing all widths.
-
-template <int N>
-void test_bit_width() {
-  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
-  assert(std::bit_width(T(0)) == 0);
-  assert(std::bit_width(T(1)) == 1);
-  if constexpr (N >= 11)
-    assert(std::bit_width(T(1024)) == 11);
-  assert(std::bit_width(T(~T(0))) == N);
-}
-
-template <int N>
-void test_has_single_bit() {
-  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
-  assert(!std::has_single_bit(T(0)));
-  assert(std::has_single_bit(T(1)));
-  if constexpr (N >= 8) {
-    assert(std::has_single_bit(T(128)));
-    assert(!std::has_single_bit(T(129)));
-  }
-}
-
-// Big-number popcount test: verified with Python
-void test_popcount_big_numbers() {
-#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
-  {
-    // (1 << 200) - 1 has exactly 200 bits set
-    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 200;
-    v -= 1;
-    assert(std::popcount(v) == 200);
-  }
-  {
-    // Exactly 4 bits set at positions 0, 64, 128, 255
-    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) | ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 64) |
-                              ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 128) | ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 255);
-    assert(std::popcount(v) == 4);
-  }
-#endif
-#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 4096
-  {
-    unsigned _BitInt(4096) v = ~(unsigned _BitInt(4096))(0);
-    assert(std::popcount(v) == 4096);
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
-// Big-number countl_zero test
-void test_countl_zero_big_numbers() {
-#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
-  {
-    // Bit set at position 200 in a 256-bit integer: 55 leading zeros
-    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 200;
-    assert(std::countl_zero(v) == 55);
-  }
-#endif
-#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 4096
-  {
-    unsigned _BitInt(4096) v = (unsigned _BitInt(4096))(1) << 4000;
-    assert(std::countl_zero(v) == 95);
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
-template <int N>
-void test_all() {
-  test_signed_traits<N>();
-  test_unsigned_traits<N>();
-  test_popcount<N>();
-  test_countl_zero<N>();
-  test_countr_zero<N>();
-}
-
-// Only test bit_width/has_single_bit for byte-aligned widths where
-// numeric_limits::digits == N (see comment above).
-template <int N>
-void test_all_with_bit_width() {
-  test_all<N>();
-  test_bit_width<N>();
-  test_has_single_bit<N>();
-}
-
-int main(int, char**) {
-  // unsigned _BitInt(1) is the minimum unsigned width.
-  // signed _BitInt(1) is illegal -- minimum signed width is 2.
-  test_unsigned_traits<1>();
-  test_popcount<1>();
-
-  // _BitInt(2): minimum signed width
-  test_signed_traits<2>();
-  test_unsigned_traits<2>();
-  test_popcount<2>();
-
-  // Standard power-of-2 widths: byte-aligned, so bit_width/has_single_bit work
-  test_all_with_bit_width<8>();
-  test_all_with_bit_width<16>();
-  test_all_with_bit_width<32>();
-  test_all_with_bit_width<64>();
-  test_all_with_bit_width<128>();
-
-  // Odd widths -- popcount/countl_zero/countr_zero work, but bit_width and
-  // has_single_bit may give wrong results due to numeric_limits::digits using
-  // sizeof*CHAR_BIT instead of the actual bit width N.
-  test_all<7>();
-  test_all<9>();
-  test_all<15>();
-  test_all<17>();
-  test_all<33>();
-  test_all<65>();
-  test_all<127>();
-
-  // Wide _BitInt (N > 128) is only supported on some targets.
-#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
-  test_all_with_bit_width<256>();
-  test_all<129>();
-  test_all<255>();
-  test_all<257>();
-  test_all<512>();
-  test_all<1024>();
-#endif
-#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 4096
-  test_all_with_bit_width<4096>();
-#endif
-
-  // Big number tests (Python-verified expected values)
-  test_popcount_big_numbers();
-  test_countl_zero_big_numbers();
-
-  return 0;
-}
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitint.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitint.pass.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..194d4d9ebcb26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitint.pass.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Test that <bit> operations work with _BitInt(N) for various widths.
+
+// UNSUPPORTED: c++03, c++11, c++14, c++17
+// UNSUPPORTED: gcc
+// UNSUPPORTED: LIBCXX-PICOLIBC-FIXME
+
+#include <bit>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <limits>
+
+// Full test suite for byte-aligned widths where numeric_limits::digits == N.
+
+template <int N>
+void test_all() {
+  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
+
+  // popcount
+  assert(std::popcount(T(0)) == 0);
+  assert(std::popcount(T(1)) == 1);
+  assert(std::popcount(T(~T(0))) == N);
+  if constexpr (N >= 8)
+    assert(std::popcount(T(0xFF)) == 8);
+
+  // countl_zero / countr_zero
+  assert(std::countl_zero(T(~T(0))) == 0);
+  assert(std::countl_zero(T(1)) == N - 1);
+  assert(std::countr_zero(T(1)) == 0);
+  assert(std::countr_zero(T(T(1) << (N - 1))) == N - 1);
+
+  // countl_one / countr_one
+  assert(std::countl_one(T(0)) == 0);
+  assert(std::countl_one(T(~T(0))) == N);
+  assert(std::countr_one(T(0)) == 0);
+  assert(std::countr_one(T(~T(0))) == N);
+  assert(std::countr_one(T(1)) == 1);
+
+  // rotl / rotr
+  assert(std::rotl(T(1), 0) == T(1));
+  assert(std::rotr(T(1), 0) == T(1));
+  if constexpr (N >= 8) {
+    assert(std::rotl(T(1), 4) == T(16));
+    assert(std::rotr(T(16), 4) == T(1));
+  }
+
+  // bit_width
+  assert(std::bit_width(T(0)) == 0);
+  assert(std::bit_width(T(1)) == 1);
+  assert(std::bit_width(T(~T(0))) == N);
+  if constexpr (N >= 11)
+    assert(std::bit_width(T(1024)) == 11);
+
+  // has_single_bit
+  assert(!std::has_single_bit(T(0)));
+  assert(std::has_single_bit(T(1)));
+  if constexpr (N >= 8) {
+    assert(std::has_single_bit(T(128)));
+    assert(!std::has_single_bit(T(129)));
+  }
+
+  // bit_ceil
+  assert(std::bit_ceil(T(0)) == T(1));
+  assert(std::bit_ceil(T(1)) == T(1));
+  if constexpr (N >= 8) {
+    assert(std::bit_ceil(T(3)) == T(4));
+    assert(std::bit_ceil(T(128)) == T(128));
+  }
+  // bit_ceil(129) == 256 requires N >= 9 (result must be representable)
+  if constexpr (N >= 9)
+    assert(std::bit_ceil(T(129)) == T(256));
+
+  // bit_floor
+  assert(std::bit_floor(T(0)) == T(0));
+  assert(std::bit_floor(T(1)) == T(1));
+  if constexpr (N >= 8) {
+    assert(std::bit_floor(T(3)) == T(2));
+    assert(std::bit_floor(T(128)) == T(128));
+    assert(std::bit_floor(T(255)) == T(128));
+  }
+}
+
+// Reduced test for non-byte-aligned widths. These widths have incorrect
+// numeric_limits::digits (sizeof*CHAR_BIT instead of N), which breaks
+// bit_width, has_single_bit, bit_ceil, bit_floor, and the exact values
+// of countl_zero/countl_one. Only test functions that work correctly.
+template <int N>
+void test_odd() {
+  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
+
+  assert(std::popcount(T(0)) == 0);
+  assert(std::popcount(T(1)) == 1);
+  assert(std::popcount(T(~T(0))) == N);
+
+  assert(std::countl_zero(T(1)) >= N - 1);
+  assert(std::countl_zero(T(~T(0))) == 0);
+  assert(std::countr_zero(T(1)) == 0);
+  assert(std::countr_zero(T(T(1) << (N - 1))) == N - 1);
+}
+
+void test_big_numbers() {
+#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+  {
+    // (1 << 200) - 1 has exactly 200 bits set
+    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 200;
+    v -= 1;
+    assert(std::popcount(v) == 200);
+  }
+  {
+    // Exactly 4 bits set at positions 0, 64, 128, 255
+    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) | ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 64) |
+                              ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 128) | ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 255);
+    assert(std::popcount(v) == 4);
+  }
+  {
+    // Bit set at position 200 in a 256-bit integer: 55 leading zeros
+    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 200;
+    assert(std::countl_zero(v) == 55);
+  }
+#endif
+#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 4096
+  {
+    unsigned _BitInt(4096) v = ~(unsigned _BitInt(4096))(0);
+    assert(std::popcount(v) == 4096);
+  }
+  {
+    unsigned _BitInt(4096) v = (unsigned _BitInt(4096))(1) << 4000;
+    assert(std::countl_zero(v) == 95);
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+int main(int, char**) {
+  // unsigned _BitInt(1) is the minimum unsigned width.
+  test_odd<1>();
+
+  // _BitInt(2): minimum signed width
+  test_odd<2>();
+
+  // Standard power-of-2 widths (byte-aligned: full suite)
+  test_all<8>();
+  test_all<16>();
+  test_all<32>();
+  test_all<64>();
+  test_all<128>();
+
+  // Odd widths (reduced suite: popcount, countl_zero, countr_zero only)
+  test_odd<7>();
+  test_odd<9>();
+  test_odd<15>();
+  test_odd<33>();
+  test_odd<65>();
+  test_odd<127>();
+
+  // Wide _BitInt (N > 128) is only supported on some targets.
+#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+  test_all<256>();
+  test_odd<129>();
+  test_odd<255>();
+#endif
+#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 4096
+  test_all<4096>();
+#endif
+
+  // Big number tests (Python-verified expected values)
+  test_big_numbers();
+
+  return 0;
+}

>From 548a7d2f5197f6984586b479c2914d949285cbb7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xavier Roche <xavier.roche at algolia.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2026 18:54:44 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 8/9] [libc++] Fix CI: use ::value form for C++11 compatibility

The _v variable templates (is_integral_v, is_signed_v, is_unsigned_v)
are guarded by _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 17 and don't exist in C++11 mode.
google-benchmark's cmake compiles #include <regex> with -std=c++11,
and the include chain <regex> -> countl.h -> integer_traits.h hits
the undefined _v symbols. Use is_integral<_Tp>::value instead, which
works in all C++ standard modes.

Assisted-by: Claude (Anthropic)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply at anthropic.com>
---
 libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h | 6 ++++--
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h b/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
index f8a2aa52c5dd7..d37d8d513db79 100644
--- a/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
+++ b/libcxx/include/__type_traits/integer_traits.h
@@ -39,10 +39,12 @@ template <> inline const bool __is_character_or_bool_v<char32_t> = true;
 // clang-format on
 
 template <class _Tp>
-inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v = is_integral_v<_Tp> && is_signed_v<_Tp> && !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
+inline const bool __is_signed_integer_v =
+    is_integral<_Tp>::value && is_signed<_Tp>::value && !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
 
 template <class _Tp>
-inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v = is_integral_v<_Tp> && is_unsigned_v<_Tp> && !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
+inline const bool __is_unsigned_integer_v =
+    is_integral<_Tp>::value && is_unsigned<_Tp>::value && !__is_character_or_bool_v<_Tp>;
 
 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
 template <class _Tp>

>From 54b4f17f152b1236faf7b174f718c9066fe2bbd5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xavier Roche <xavier.roche at algolia.com>
Date: Thu, 12 Mar 2026 13:02:43 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 9/9] [libc++] Address review: split _BitInt tests into
 per-function files

Move _BitInt test coverage from the monolithic bitint.pass.cpp into
the existing per-function test files (popcount, countl_zero, countr_zero,
countl_one, countr_one, rotl, rotr, bit_width, has_single_bit, bit_ceil,
bit_floor). Each file gets a guarded _BitInt section at the end of main()
with T32/T64/T128 and optional T256 coverage.

Assisted-by: Claude (Anthropic)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply at anthropic.com>
---
 .../bit/bit.pow.two/bit_ceil.pass.cpp         |  27 +++
 .../bit/bit.pow.two/bit_floor.pass.cpp        |  27 +++
 .../bit/bit.pow.two/bit_width.pass.cpp        |  28 +++
 .../bit/bit.pow.two/has_single_bit.pass.cpp   |  27 +++
 libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitint.pass.cpp  | 175 ------------------
 .../bit/bitops.count/countl_one.pass.cpp      |  23 +++
 .../bit/bitops.count/countl_zero.pass.cpp     |  28 +++
 .../bit/bitops.count/countr_one.pass.cpp      |  24 +++
 .../bit/bitops.count/countr_zero.pass.cpp     |  23 +++
 .../bit/bitops.count/popcount.pass.cpp        |  34 ++++
 .../std/numerics/bit/bitops.rot/rotl.pass.cpp |  24 +++
 .../std/numerics/bit/bitops.rot/rotr.pass.cpp |  24 +++
 12 files changed, 289 insertions(+), 175 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitint.pass.cpp

diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_ceil.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_ceil.pass.cpp
index 1ab1aa60ab826..a67c7d3095d96 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_ceil.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_ceil.pass.cpp
@@ -140,5 +140,32 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T32(0)) == T32(1));
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T32(1)) == T32(1));
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T32(3)) == T32(4));
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T32(128)) == T32(128));
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T32(129)) == T32(256));
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T64(0)) == T64(1));
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T64(1)) == T64(1));
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T128(0)) == T128(1));
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T128(1)) == T128(1));
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T256(0)) == T256(1));
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T256(1)) == T256(1));
+      assert(std::bit_ceil(T256(3)) == T256(4));
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_floor.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_floor.pass.cpp
index f243e9d1f63b5..29674d6c25f00 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_floor.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_floor.pass.cpp
@@ -139,5 +139,32 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T32(0)) == T32(0));
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T32(1)) == T32(1));
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T32(3)) == T32(2));
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T32(128)) == T32(128));
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T32(255)) == T32(128));
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T64(0)) == T64(0));
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T64(1)) == T64(1));
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T128(0)) == T128(0));
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T128(1)) == T128(1));
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T256(0)) == T256(0));
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T256(1)) == T256(1));
+      assert(std::bit_floor(T256(3)) == T256(2));
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_width.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_width.pass.cpp
index e6a0cfb9d11e0..62b73f6899ca8 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_width.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/bit_width.pass.cpp
@@ -142,5 +142,33 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(std::bit_width(T32(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T32(1)) == 1);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T32(~T32(0))) == 32);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T32(1024)) == 11);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T64(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T64(1)) == 1);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T64(~T64(0))) == 64);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T128(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T128(1)) == 1);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T128(~T128(0))) == 128);
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T256(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T256(1)) == 1);
+      assert(std::bit_width(T256(~T256(0))) == 256);
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/has_single_bit.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/has_single_bit.pass.cpp
index a1088218a35f0..aafb1cd65fde5 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/has_single_bit.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/has_single_bit.pass.cpp
@@ -140,5 +140,32 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(!std::has_single_bit(T32(0)));
+      assert(std::has_single_bit(T32(1)));
+      assert(std::has_single_bit(T32(128)));
+      assert(!std::has_single_bit(T32(129)));
+      assert(!std::has_single_bit(T64(0)));
+      assert(std::has_single_bit(T64(1)));
+      assert(!std::has_single_bit(T128(0)));
+      assert(std::has_single_bit(T128(1)));
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(!std::has_single_bit(T256(0)));
+      assert(std::has_single_bit(T256(1)));
+      assert(std::has_single_bit(T256(1) << 200));
+      assert(!std::has_single_bit((T256(1) << 200) | T256(1)));
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitint.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitint.pass.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 194d4d9ebcb26..0000000000000
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitint.pass.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
-//
-// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
-// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
-//
-//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
-
-// Test that <bit> operations work with _BitInt(N) for various widths.
-
-// UNSUPPORTED: c++03, c++11, c++14, c++17
-// UNSUPPORTED: gcc
-// UNSUPPORTED: LIBCXX-PICOLIBC-FIXME
-
-#include <bit>
-#include <cassert>
-#include <limits>
-
-// Full test suite for byte-aligned widths where numeric_limits::digits == N.
-
-template <int N>
-void test_all() {
-  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
-
-  // popcount
-  assert(std::popcount(T(0)) == 0);
-  assert(std::popcount(T(1)) == 1);
-  assert(std::popcount(T(~T(0))) == N);
-  if constexpr (N >= 8)
-    assert(std::popcount(T(0xFF)) == 8);
-
-  // countl_zero / countr_zero
-  assert(std::countl_zero(T(~T(0))) == 0);
-  assert(std::countl_zero(T(1)) == N - 1);
-  assert(std::countr_zero(T(1)) == 0);
-  assert(std::countr_zero(T(T(1) << (N - 1))) == N - 1);
-
-  // countl_one / countr_one
-  assert(std::countl_one(T(0)) == 0);
-  assert(std::countl_one(T(~T(0))) == N);
-  assert(std::countr_one(T(0)) == 0);
-  assert(std::countr_one(T(~T(0))) == N);
-  assert(std::countr_one(T(1)) == 1);
-
-  // rotl / rotr
-  assert(std::rotl(T(1), 0) == T(1));
-  assert(std::rotr(T(1), 0) == T(1));
-  if constexpr (N >= 8) {
-    assert(std::rotl(T(1), 4) == T(16));
-    assert(std::rotr(T(16), 4) == T(1));
-  }
-
-  // bit_width
-  assert(std::bit_width(T(0)) == 0);
-  assert(std::bit_width(T(1)) == 1);
-  assert(std::bit_width(T(~T(0))) == N);
-  if constexpr (N >= 11)
-    assert(std::bit_width(T(1024)) == 11);
-
-  // has_single_bit
-  assert(!std::has_single_bit(T(0)));
-  assert(std::has_single_bit(T(1)));
-  if constexpr (N >= 8) {
-    assert(std::has_single_bit(T(128)));
-    assert(!std::has_single_bit(T(129)));
-  }
-
-  // bit_ceil
-  assert(std::bit_ceil(T(0)) == T(1));
-  assert(std::bit_ceil(T(1)) == T(1));
-  if constexpr (N >= 8) {
-    assert(std::bit_ceil(T(3)) == T(4));
-    assert(std::bit_ceil(T(128)) == T(128));
-  }
-  // bit_ceil(129) == 256 requires N >= 9 (result must be representable)
-  if constexpr (N >= 9)
-    assert(std::bit_ceil(T(129)) == T(256));
-
-  // bit_floor
-  assert(std::bit_floor(T(0)) == T(0));
-  assert(std::bit_floor(T(1)) == T(1));
-  if constexpr (N >= 8) {
-    assert(std::bit_floor(T(3)) == T(2));
-    assert(std::bit_floor(T(128)) == T(128));
-    assert(std::bit_floor(T(255)) == T(128));
-  }
-}
-
-// Reduced test for non-byte-aligned widths. These widths have incorrect
-// numeric_limits::digits (sizeof*CHAR_BIT instead of N), which breaks
-// bit_width, has_single_bit, bit_ceil, bit_floor, and the exact values
-// of countl_zero/countl_one. Only test functions that work correctly.
-template <int N>
-void test_odd() {
-  using T = unsigned _BitInt(N);
-
-  assert(std::popcount(T(0)) == 0);
-  assert(std::popcount(T(1)) == 1);
-  assert(std::popcount(T(~T(0))) == N);
-
-  assert(std::countl_zero(T(1)) >= N - 1);
-  assert(std::countl_zero(T(~T(0))) == 0);
-  assert(std::countr_zero(T(1)) == 0);
-  assert(std::countr_zero(T(T(1) << (N - 1))) == N - 1);
-}
-
-void test_big_numbers() {
-#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
-  {
-    // (1 << 200) - 1 has exactly 200 bits set
-    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 200;
-    v -= 1;
-    assert(std::popcount(v) == 200);
-  }
-  {
-    // Exactly 4 bits set at positions 0, 64, 128, 255
-    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) | ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 64) |
-                              ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 128) | ((unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 255);
-    assert(std::popcount(v) == 4);
-  }
-  {
-    // Bit set at position 200 in a 256-bit integer: 55 leading zeros
-    unsigned _BitInt(256) v = (unsigned _BitInt(256))(1) << 200;
-    assert(std::countl_zero(v) == 55);
-  }
-#endif
-#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 4096
-  {
-    unsigned _BitInt(4096) v = ~(unsigned _BitInt(4096))(0);
-    assert(std::popcount(v) == 4096);
-  }
-  {
-    unsigned _BitInt(4096) v = (unsigned _BitInt(4096))(1) << 4000;
-    assert(std::countl_zero(v) == 95);
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
-int main(int, char**) {
-  // unsigned _BitInt(1) is the minimum unsigned width.
-  test_odd<1>();
-
-  // _BitInt(2): minimum signed width
-  test_odd<2>();
-
-  // Standard power-of-2 widths (byte-aligned: full suite)
-  test_all<8>();
-  test_all<16>();
-  test_all<32>();
-  test_all<64>();
-  test_all<128>();
-
-  // Odd widths (reduced suite: popcount, countl_zero, countr_zero only)
-  test_odd<7>();
-  test_odd<9>();
-  test_odd<15>();
-  test_odd<33>();
-  test_odd<65>();
-  test_odd<127>();
-
-  // Wide _BitInt (N > 128) is only supported on some targets.
-#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
-  test_all<256>();
-  test_odd<129>();
-  test_odd<255>();
-#endif
-#if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 4096
-  test_all<4096>();
-#endif
-
-  // Big number tests (Python-verified expected values)
-  test_big_numbers();
-
-  return 0;
-}
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countl_one.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countl_one.pass.cpp
index 82931162b4f39..aa544d88f1133 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countl_one.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countl_one.pass.cpp
@@ -137,5 +137,28 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(std::countl_one(T32(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countl_one(T32(~T32(0))) == 32);
+      assert(std::countl_one(T64(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countl_one(T64(~T64(0))) == 64);
+      assert(std::countl_one(T128(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countl_one(T128(~T128(0))) == 128);
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(std::countl_one(T256(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countl_one(T256(~T256(0))) == 256);
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countl_zero.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countl_zero.pass.cpp
index 20e0eff91b253..c833b1ee38a09 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countl_zero.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countl_zero.pass.cpp
@@ -136,5 +136,33 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T8   = unsigned _BitInt(8);
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T8(~T8(0))) == 0);
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T8(1)) == 7);
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T32(~T32(0))) == 0);
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T32(1)) == 31);
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T64(~T64(0))) == 0);
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T64(1)) == 63);
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T128(~T128(0))) == 0);
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T128(1)) == 127);
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T256(~T256(0))) == 0);
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T256(1)) == 255);
+      // Bit set at position 200: 55 leading zeros
+      assert(std::countl_zero(T256(1) << 200) == 55);
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countr_one.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countr_one.pass.cpp
index 1fedc4f8a5386..4393e8fcc48fe 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countr_one.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countr_one.pass.cpp
@@ -141,5 +141,29 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(std::countr_one(T32(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countr_one(T32(~T32(0))) == 32);
+      assert(std::countr_one(T32(1)) == 1);
+      assert(std::countr_one(T64(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countr_one(T64(~T64(0))) == 64);
+      assert(std::countr_one(T128(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countr_one(T128(~T128(0))) == 128);
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(std::countr_one(T256(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countr_one(T256(~T256(0))) == 256);
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countr_zero.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countr_zero.pass.cpp
index 4221b86fe1cc6..3b7fccc1ebbf5 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countr_zero.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/countr_zero.pass.cpp
@@ -138,5 +138,28 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(std::countr_zero(T32(1)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countr_zero(T32(1) << 31) == 31);
+      assert(std::countr_zero(T64(1)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countr_zero(T64(1) << 63) == 63);
+      assert(std::countr_zero(T128(1)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countr_zero(T128(1) << 127) == 127);
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(std::countr_zero(T256(1)) == 0);
+      assert(std::countr_zero(T256(1) << 255) == 255);
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/popcount.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/popcount.pass.cpp
index a7c5c43a4e2c2..ad34ec6e5a558 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/popcount.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.count/popcount.pass.cpp
@@ -148,5 +148,39 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T8   = unsigned _BitInt(8);
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(std::popcount(T8(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::popcount(T8(1)) == 1);
+      assert(std::popcount(T8(0xFF)) == 8);
+      assert(std::popcount(T32(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::popcount(T32(~T32(0))) == 32);
+      assert(std::popcount(T64(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::popcount(T64(~T64(0))) == 64);
+      assert(std::popcount(T128(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::popcount(T128(~T128(0))) == 128);
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(std::popcount(T256(0)) == 0);
+      assert(std::popcount(T256(~T256(0))) == 256);
+      // (1 << 200) - 1 has exactly 200 bits set
+      T256 v = T256(1) << 200;
+      v -= 1;
+      assert(std::popcount(v) == 200);
+      // Exactly 4 bits at positions 0, 64, 128, 255
+      T256 w = T256(1) | (T256(1) << 64) | (T256(1) << 128) | (T256(1) << 255);
+      assert(std::popcount(w) == 4);
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.rot/rotl.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.rot/rotl.pass.cpp
index 72e412772fb08..01cf8ada85821 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.rot/rotl.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.rot/rotl.pass.cpp
@@ -165,5 +165,29 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(std::rotl(T32(1), 0) == T32(1));
+      assert(std::rotl(T32(1), 4) == T32(16));
+      assert(std::rotl(T64(1), 0) == T64(1));
+      assert(std::rotl(T64(1), 4) == T64(16));
+      assert(std::rotl(T128(1), 0) == T128(1));
+      assert(std::rotl(T128(1), 4) == T128(16));
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(std::rotl(T256(1), 0) == T256(1));
+      assert(std::rotl(T256(1), 4) == T256(16));
+      assert(std::rotl(T256(1), 200) == (T256(1) << 200));
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.rot/rotr.pass.cpp b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.rot/rotr.pass.cpp
index fc0fff60394e3..49d88b24ebc69 100644
--- a/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.rot/rotr.pass.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/test/std/numerics/bit/bitops.rot/rotr.pass.cpp
@@ -165,5 +165,29 @@ int main(int, char**)
     test<std::uintptr_t>();
     test<std::size_t>();
 
+    // _BitInt tests
+#if defined(__has_extension) && __has_extension(bit_int)
+    {
+      using T32  = unsigned _BitInt(32);
+      using T64  = unsigned _BitInt(64);
+      using T128 = unsigned _BitInt(128);
+
+      assert(std::rotr(T32(1), 0) == T32(1));
+      assert(std::rotr(T32(16), 4) == T32(1));
+      assert(std::rotr(T64(1), 0) == T64(1));
+      assert(std::rotr(T64(16), 4) == T64(1));
+      assert(std::rotr(T128(1), 0) == T128(1));
+      assert(std::rotr(T128(16), 4) == T128(1));
+    }
+#  if __BITINT_MAXWIDTH__ >= 256
+    {
+      using T256 = unsigned _BitInt(256);
+      assert(std::rotr(T256(1), 0) == T256(1));
+      assert(std::rotr(T256(16), 4) == T256(1));
+      assert(std::rotr(T256(1) << 200, 200) == T256(1));
+    }
+#  endif
+#endif // __has_extension(bit_int)
+
     return 0;
 }



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