[libcxx-commits] [libcxx] [libc++][variant] Applied `[[nodiscard]]` (PR #172058)

Hristo Hristov via libcxx-commits libcxx-commits at lists.llvm.org
Fri Dec 12 10:11:41 PST 2025


https://github.com/H-G-Hristov created https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/172058

`[[nodiscard]]`should be applied to functions where discarding the return value is most likely a correctness issue.

- https://libcxx.llvm.org/CodingGuidelines.html
- https://wg21.link/variant

>From f7215479839f2effcdf546dc46845130b24081cf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Hristo Hristov <hghristov.rmm at gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 2025 07:37:36 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] [libc++][variant] Applied `[[nodiscard]]`

`[[nodiscard]]`should be applied to functions where discarding the return value is most likely a correctness issue.

- https://libcxx.llvm.org/CodingGuidelines.html
- https://wg21.link/variant
---
 libcxx/include/variant                        | 40 +++++-----
 .../utilities/variant/nodiscard.verify.cpp    | 74 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 95 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 libcxx/test/libcxx/utilities/variant/nodiscard.verify.cpp

diff --git a/libcxx/include/variant b/libcxx/include/variant
index df587ccf23843..130f50beab4da 100644
--- a/libcxx/include/variant
+++ b/libcxx/include/variant
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ _LIBCPP_BEGIN_UNVERSIONED_NAMESPACE_STD
 
 class _LIBCPP_EXPORTED_FROM_ABI bad_variant_access : public exception {
 public:
-  const char* what() const _NOEXCEPT override;
+  [[nodiscard]] const char* what() const _NOEXCEPT override;
 };
 
 _LIBCPP_END_UNVERSIONED_NAMESPACE_STD
@@ -1282,11 +1282,11 @@ public:
     return __impl_.template __emplace<_Ip>(__il, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
   }
 
-  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool valueless_by_exception() const noexcept {
+  [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool valueless_by_exception() const noexcept {
     return __impl_.valueless_by_exception();
   }
 
-  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr size_t index() const noexcept { return __impl_.index(); }
+  [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr size_t index() const noexcept { return __impl_.index(); }
 
   template < bool _Dummy       = true,
              enable_if_t< __all<(__dependent_type<is_move_constructible<_Types>, _Dummy>::value &&
@@ -1329,7 +1329,7 @@ _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool __holds_alternative(const variant<_Types...
 }
 
 template <class _Tp, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool holds_alternative(const variant<_Types...>& __v) noexcept {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool holds_alternative(const variant<_Types...>& __v) noexcept {
   return std::__holds_alternative<__find_exactly_one_t<_Tp, _Types...>::value>(__v);
 }
 
@@ -1343,21 +1343,23 @@ _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr auto&& __generic_get(_Vp&& __v) {
 }
 
 template <size_t _Ip, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>& get(variant<_Types...>& __v) {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>&
+get(variant<_Types...>& __v) {
   static_assert(_Ip < sizeof...(_Types));
   static_assert(!is_void_v<variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>>);
   return std::__generic_get<_Ip>(__v);
 }
 
 template <size_t _Ip, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>&& get(variant<_Types...>&& __v) {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>&&
+get(variant<_Types...>&& __v) {
   static_assert(_Ip < sizeof...(_Types));
   static_assert(!is_void_v<variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>>);
   return std::__generic_get<_Ip>(std::move(__v));
 }
 
 template <size_t _Ip, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>&
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>&
 get(const variant<_Types...>& __v) {
   static_assert(_Ip < sizeof...(_Types));
   static_assert(!is_void_v<variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>>);
@@ -1365,7 +1367,7 @@ get(const variant<_Types...>& __v) {
 }
 
 template <size_t _Ip, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>&&
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>&&
 get(const variant<_Types...>&& __v) {
   static_assert(_Ip < sizeof...(_Types));
   static_assert(!is_void_v<variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>>);
@@ -1373,25 +1375,25 @@ get(const variant<_Types...>&& __v) {
 }
 
 template <class _Tp, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Tp& get(variant<_Types...>& __v) {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Tp& get(variant<_Types...>& __v) {
   static_assert(!is_void_v<_Tp>);
   return std::get<__find_exactly_one_t<_Tp, _Types...>::value>(__v);
 }
 
 template <class _Tp, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Tp&& get(variant<_Types...>&& __v) {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Tp&& get(variant<_Types...>&& __v) {
   static_assert(!is_void_v<_Tp>);
   return std::get<__find_exactly_one_t<_Tp, _Types...>::value>(std::move(__v));
 }
 
 template <class _Tp, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const _Tp& get(const variant<_Types...>& __v) {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const _Tp& get(const variant<_Types...>& __v) {
   static_assert(!is_void_v<_Tp>);
   return std::get<__find_exactly_one_t<_Tp, _Types...>::value>(__v);
 }
 
 template <class _Tp, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const _Tp&& get(const variant<_Types...>&& __v) {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const _Tp&& get(const variant<_Types...>&& __v) {
   static_assert(!is_void_v<_Tp>);
   return std::get<__find_exactly_one_t<_Tp, _Types...>::value>(std::move(__v));
 }
@@ -1403,7 +1405,7 @@ _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr auto* __generic_get_if(_Vp* __v) noexcept {
 }
 
 template <size_t _Ip, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr add_pointer_t<variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>>
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr add_pointer_t<variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>>
 get_if(variant<_Types...>* __v) noexcept {
   static_assert(_Ip < sizeof...(_Types));
   static_assert(!is_void_v<variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>>);
@@ -1411,7 +1413,7 @@ get_if(variant<_Types...>* __v) noexcept {
 }
 
 template <size_t _Ip, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr add_pointer_t<const variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>>
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr add_pointer_t<const variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>>
 get_if(const variant<_Types...>* __v) noexcept {
   static_assert(_Ip < sizeof...(_Types));
   static_assert(!is_void_v<variant_alternative_t<_Ip, variant<_Types...>>>);
@@ -1419,13 +1421,13 @@ get_if(const variant<_Types...>* __v) noexcept {
 }
 
 template <class _Tp, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr add_pointer_t<_Tp> get_if(variant<_Types...>* __v) noexcept {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr add_pointer_t<_Tp> get_if(variant<_Types...>* __v) noexcept {
   static_assert(!is_void_v<_Tp>);
   return std::get_if<__find_exactly_one_t<_Tp, _Types...>::value>(__v);
 }
 
 template <class _Tp, class... _Types>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr add_pointer_t<const _Tp> get_if(const variant<_Types...>* __v) noexcept {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr add_pointer_t<const _Tp> get_if(const variant<_Types...>* __v) noexcept {
   static_assert(!is_void_v<_Tp>);
   return std::get_if<__find_exactly_one_t<_Tp, _Types...>::value>(__v);
 }
@@ -1577,7 +1579,7 @@ _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr void __throw_if_valueless(_Vs&&... __vs) {
 }
 
 template < class _Visitor, class... _Vs, typename>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr decltype(auto) visit(_Visitor&& __visitor, _Vs&&... __vs) {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr decltype(auto) visit(_Visitor&& __visitor, _Vs&&... __vs) {
   using __variant_detail::__visitation::__variant;
   std::__throw_if_valueless(std::forward<_Vs>(__vs)...);
   return __variant::__visit_value(std::forward<_Visitor>(__visitor), std::forward<_Vs>(__vs)...);
@@ -1585,7 +1587,7 @@ _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr decltype(auto) visit(_Visitor&& __visitor, _Vs&&
 
 #    if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
 template < class _Rp, class _Visitor, class... _Vs, typename>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Rp visit(_Visitor&& __visitor, _Vs&&... __vs) {
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Rp visit(_Visitor&& __visitor, _Vs&&... __vs) {
   using __variant_detail::__visitation::__variant;
   std::__throw_if_valueless(std::forward<_Vs>(__vs)...);
   return __variant::__visit_value<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__visitor), std::forward<_Vs>(__vs)...);
@@ -1606,7 +1608,7 @@ struct hash< __enable_hash_helper<variant<_Types...>, remove_const_t<_Types>...>
   using result_type _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX17   = size_t;
 #    endif
 
-  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI size_t operator()(const variant<_Types...>& __v) const {
+  [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI size_t operator()(const variant<_Types...>& __v) const {
     using __variant_detail::__visitation::__variant;
     size_t __res =
         __v.valueless_by_exception()
diff --git a/libcxx/test/libcxx/utilities/variant/nodiscard.verify.cpp b/libcxx/test/libcxx/utilities/variant/nodiscard.verify.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..033226fb07d1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcxx/test/libcxx/utilities/variant/nodiscard.verify.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// REQUIRES: std-at-least-c++17
+
+// Check that functions are marked [[nodiscard]]
+
+#include <variant>
+
+#include <test_macros.h>
+
+void test() {
+  {
+    std::bad_variant_access ex;
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+
+    ex.what();
+  }
+
+  {
+    struct First {};
+    struct Second {};
+
+    std::variant<First, Second> v;
+    const std::variant<First, Second> cv;
+
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    cv.valueless_by_exception();
+
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    cv.index();
+
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::holds_alternative<First>(v);
+
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get<0>(v);
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get<0>(cv);
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get<0>(std::move(v));
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get<0>(std::move(cv));
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get<First>(v);
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get<First>(cv);
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get<First>(std::move(v));
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get<First>(std::move(cv));
+
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get_if<0>(&v);
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get_if<0>(&cv);
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get_if<First>(&v);
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    std::get_if<First>(&cv);
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::hash< std::variant<int, float>> hash;
+
+    // expected-warning at +1 {{ignoring return value of function declared with 'nodiscard' attribute}}
+    hash(std::variant<int, float>{});
+  }
+}



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