[libcxx-commits] [libcxx] 69279a8 - [libc++][test] add benchmarks for `std::atomic::wait` (#70571)

via libcxx-commits libcxx-commits at lists.llvm.org
Wed Feb 21 05:43:40 PST 2024


Author: Hui
Date: 2024-02-21T13:43:35Z
New Revision: 69279a8413e08dd24168bad961975e79a50d9c19

URL: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/69279a8413e08dd24168bad961975e79a50d9c19
DIFF: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/69279a8413e08dd24168bad961975e79a50d9c19.diff

LOG: [libc++][test] add benchmarks for `std::atomic::wait` (#70571)

For the mutex vs atomic  test:

Old: `unique_lock<mutex>`
New: a lock implemented with `atomic::wait`

On 10 years old Intel Macbook, `atomic::wait` is 50% slower than `mutex`

```
Benchmark                                             Time             CPU      Time Old      Time New       CPU Old       CPU New
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/1024                   +0.3735         +2.4497       1724726       2368935        153159        528354
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/2048                   +0.4174         +1.2487       3410538       4834012        435062        978311
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/4096                   +0.5256         +1.9824       6903783      10532681        590266       1760405
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/8192                   +0.5415         +0.4578      14536391      22408399       1456328       2123075
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/16384                  +0.5663         +0.0513      30181991      47275023       3316850       3486950
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/32768                  +0.5635         -0.2081      62027663      96977726       6477076       5129190
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/65536                  +0.5228         -0.3273     129637761     197408739      11341630       7628955
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/131072                 +0.4825         -0.1070     266256295     394712193      10379800       9269200
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/262144                 +0.4793         +0.2795     539732340     798409253      10802200      13821100
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/524288                 +0.5272         +0.2847    1070035132    1634124353      14523000      18657800
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/1048576                +0.4799         +0.3353    2125510441    3145636119      13404200      17899000
OVERALL_GEOMEAN                                    +0.4970         +0.3886             0             0             0             0
```

On Apple Arm, `atomic::wait` is 200% slower than `mutex`. And
`atomic::wait` is even slower than my 10 years old Intel CPU Macbook

```
Benchmark                                             Time             CPU      Time Old      Time New       CPU Old       CPU New
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/1024                   +2.1811         +3.9854       2036726       6478993        119817        597334
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/2048                   +1.6736         +1.4301       3162161       8454415        426201       1035727
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/4096                   +1.1017         +0.6456       6620503      13914159        893019       1469578
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/8192                   +0.6688         +0.2148      12089392      20174635       1489000       1808799
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/16384                  +1.4217         -0.2436      19365999      46899345       2068266       1564530
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/32768                  +2.6161         -0.4927      31371052     113440165       3715100       1884540
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/65536                  +2.6286         -0.3967      54314581     197086847       5912764       3567410
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/131072                 +2.3554         +0.4990     103176565     346201425       9260407      13880900
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/262144                 +2.8780         +0.4995     182355400     707170733      16335852      24496000
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/524288                 +3.0280         +0.3001     360953079    1453902595      32548700      42316364
BM_multi_thread_lock_unlock/1048576                +3.7480         +1.2374     714500462    3392470417      48603455     108747000
OVERALL_GEOMEAN                                    +2.0791         +0.3874             0             0             0             0
```











For the atomic_wait test:

On my 2013 MacBook with Intel CPU

```
Run on (8 X 2300 MHz CPU s)
CPU Caches:
  L1 Data 32 KiB (x4)
  L1 Instruction 32 KiB (x4)
  L2 Unified 256 KiB (x4)
  L3 Unified 6144 KiB (x1)
Load Average: 1.95, 3.77, 4.13
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark                                                           Time             CPU   Iterations
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/1024                 184455 ns       183979 ns         3760
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/2048                 361607 ns       360917 ns         1912
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/4096                 709055 ns       708326 ns          929
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/8192                1469063 ns      1467430 ns          488
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/16384               2865332 ns      2863473 ns          237
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/32768               5839429 ns      5834708 ns          113
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/65536              11460822 ns     11453183 ns           60
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/131072             23052804 ns     23035000 ns           30
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/262144             46958743 ns     46712733 ns           15
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/524288             93151904 ns     92977429 ns            7
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/1048576           186100011 ns    185888500 ns            4
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/2097152           364548135 ns    364280000 ns            2
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/4194304           747181672 ns    745056000 ns            1
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/8388608          1473070400 ns   1471165000 ns            1
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/16777216         2950352547 ns   2947373000 ns            1
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/1024               668544 ns       167233 ns         4496
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/2048              1384668 ns       369750 ns         1941
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/4096              2851627 ns       768559 ns          995
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/8192              5797669 ns      1476876 ns          526
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/16384            11597952 ns      2692792 ns          260
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/32768            23528028 ns      5291465 ns          142
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/65536            46287247 ns      8547713 ns           87
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/131072           90315848 ns     13294492 ns           61
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/262144          190722393 ns     16193917 ns           36
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/524288          408456684 ns     23641600 ns           10
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/1048576         708809670 ns     36361900 ns           10
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/1024       2116444 ns        11669 ns        10000
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/2048      12435259 ns        21905 ns         1000
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/4096       6393816 ns        17819 ns         1000
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/8192      11930400 ns        28637 ns         1000
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/16384     20987224 ns        35272 ns         1000
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/32768     44335820 ns        66660 ns          100
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/65536     91395912 ns       129030 ns          100
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/131072   145440007 ns       165960 ns          100
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/262144   368219935 ns       420800 ns           10
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/524288   630106863 ns       809500 ns           10
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/1048576 1138174673 ns      1093000 ns           10
```

On apple arm

```
Run on (8 X 24.1208 MHz CPU s)
CPU Caches:
  L1 Data 64 KiB (x8)
  L1 Instruction 128 KiB (x8)
  L2 Unified 4096 KiB (x2)
Load Average: 1.34, 1.58, 1.66
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark                                                           Time             CPU   Iterations
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/1024                  61602 ns        61602 ns         8701
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/2048                 123148 ns       123146 ns         5688
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/4096                 246248 ns       246249 ns         2888
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/8192                 480373 ns       480359 ns         1455
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/16384                974725 ns       974721 ns          724
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/32768               1922185 ns      1922115 ns          355
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/65536               3940632 ns      3940608 ns          181
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/131072              7886302 ns      7886102 ns           88
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/262144             15393156 ns     15393000 ns           45
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/524288             30833221 ns     30832174 ns           23
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/1048576            62551936 ns     62551909 ns           11
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/2097152           123155625 ns    123155667 ns            6
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/4194304           252468180 ns    252458667 ns            3
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/8388608           505075604 ns    505075500 ns            2
BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait/16777216          992977209 ns    992935000 ns            1
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/1024               531411 ns       239695 ns         2783
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/2048              1030592 ns       484868 ns         1413
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/4096              1951896 ns       922357 ns          631
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/8192              3759893 ns      1952074 ns          390
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/16384             7417929 ns      3458309 ns          233
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/32768            14386361 ns      5590830 ns          100
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/65536            29725536 ns      6521887 ns          115
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/131072           60023797 ns     10766795 ns           73
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/262144          120782267 ns     17532091 ns           44
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/524288          242539333 ns     27506920 ns           25
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait/1048576         482833787 ns     53721600 ns           10
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/1024       2230048 ns       626042 ns         1000
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/2048       3931958 ns       837540 ns          884
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/4096       6506887 ns      1127922 ns          586
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/8192      10528008 ns      1651254 ns          456
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/16384     18055829 ns      2066379 ns          317
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/32768     29878496 ns      2875600 ns          100
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/65536     50523799 ns      3193170 ns          100
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/131072    85926943 ns      4121950 ns          100
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/262144   154602296 ns      5879050 ns          100
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/524288   279121754 ns     10063400 ns           10
BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_different_atomics/1048576  522796900 ns     12370300 ns           10
```

Added: 
    libcxx/benchmarks/atomic_wait.bench.cpp
    libcxx/benchmarks/atomic_wait_vs_mutex_lock.bench.cpp

Modified: 
    libcxx/benchmarks/CMakeLists.txt

Removed: 
    


################################################################################
diff  --git a/libcxx/benchmarks/CMakeLists.txt b/libcxx/benchmarks/CMakeLists.txt
index 2434d82c6fd6ba..b436e96f178b70 100644
--- a/libcxx/benchmarks/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/libcxx/benchmarks/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -197,6 +197,8 @@ set(BENCHMARK_TESTS
     algorithms/sort.bench.cpp
     algorithms/sort_heap.bench.cpp
     algorithms/stable_sort.bench.cpp
+    atomic_wait.bench.cpp
+    atomic_wait_vs_mutex_lock.bench.cpp
     libcxxabi/dynamic_cast.bench.cpp
     libcxxabi/dynamic_cast_old_stress.bench.cpp
     allocation.bench.cpp

diff  --git a/libcxx/benchmarks/atomic_wait.bench.cpp b/libcxx/benchmarks/atomic_wait.bench.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..4a06a457393778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcxx/benchmarks/atomic_wait.bench.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <thread>
+
+#include "benchmark/benchmark.h"
+#include "make_test_thread.h"
+
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
+void BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait(benchmark::State& state) {
+  std::atomic<std::uint64_t> a;
+  auto thread_func = [&](std::stop_token st) {
+    while (!st.stop_requested()) {
+      a.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+      a.notify_all();
+    }
+  };
+
+  std::uint64_t total_loop_test_param = state.range(0);
+
+  auto thread = support::make_test_jthread(thread_func);
+
+  for (auto _ : state) {
+    for (std::uint64_t i = 0; i < total_loop_test_param; ++i) {
+      auto old = a.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+      a.wait(old);
+    }
+  }
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_atomic_wait_one_thread_one_atomic_wait)->RangeMultiplier(2)->Range(1 << 10, 1 << 24);
+
+void BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait(benchmark::State& state) {
+  std::atomic<std::uint64_t> a;
+  auto notify_func = [&](std::stop_token st) {
+    while (!st.stop_requested()) {
+      a.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+      a.notify_all();
+    }
+  };
+
+  std::uint64_t total_loop_test_param = state.range(0);
+  constexpr auto num_waiting_threads  = 15;
+  std::vector<std::jthread> wait_threads;
+  wait_threads.reserve(num_waiting_threads);
+
+  auto notify_thread = support::make_test_jthread(notify_func);
+
+  std::atomic<std::uint64_t> start_flag = 0;
+  std::atomic<std::uint64_t> done_count = 0;
+  auto wait_func                        = [&a, &start_flag, &done_count, total_loop_test_param](std::stop_token st) {
+    auto old_start = 0;
+    while (!st.stop_requested()) {
+      start_flag.wait(old_start);
+      old_start = start_flag.load();
+      for (std::uint64_t i = 0; i < total_loop_test_param; ++i) {
+        auto old = a.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+        a.wait(old);
+      }
+      done_count.fetch_add(1);
+    }
+  };
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < num_waiting_threads; ++i) {
+    wait_threads.emplace_back(support::make_test_jthread(wait_func));
+  }
+
+  for (auto _ : state) {
+    done_count = 0;
+    start_flag.fetch_add(1);
+    start_flag.notify_all();
+    while (done_count < num_waiting_threads) {
+      std::this_thread::yield();
+    }
+  }
+  for (auto& t : wait_threads) {
+    t.request_stop();
+  }
+  start_flag.fetch_add(1);
+  start_flag.notify_all();
+  for (auto& t : wait_threads) {
+    t.join();
+  }
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_one_atomic_wait)->RangeMultiplier(2)->Range(1 << 10, 1 << 20);
+
+void BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_
diff erent_atomics(benchmark::State& state) {
+  const std::uint64_t total_loop_test_param = state.range(0);
+  constexpr std::uint64_t num_atomics       = 7;
+  std::vector<std::atomic<std::uint64_t>> atomics(num_atomics);
+
+  auto notify_func = [&](std::stop_token st, size_t idx) {
+    while (!st.stop_requested()) {
+      atomics[idx].fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+      atomics[idx].notify_all();
+    }
+  };
+
+  std::atomic<std::uint64_t> start_flag = 0;
+  std::atomic<std::uint64_t> done_count = 0;
+
+  auto wait_func = [&, total_loop_test_param](std::stop_token st, size_t idx) {
+    auto old_start = 0;
+    while (!st.stop_requested()) {
+      start_flag.wait(old_start);
+      old_start = start_flag.load();
+      for (std::uint64_t i = 0; i < total_loop_test_param; ++i) {
+        auto old = atomics[idx].load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+        atomics[idx].wait(old);
+      }
+      done_count.fetch_add(1);
+    }
+  };
+
+  std::vector<std::jthread> notify_threads;
+  notify_threads.reserve(num_atomics);
+
+  std::vector<std::jthread> wait_threads;
+  wait_threads.reserve(num_atomics);
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < num_atomics; ++i) {
+    notify_threads.emplace_back(support::make_test_jthread(notify_func, i));
+  }
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < num_atomics; ++i) {
+    wait_threads.emplace_back(support::make_test_jthread(wait_func, i));
+  }
+
+  for (auto _ : state) {
+    done_count = 0;
+    start_flag.fetch_add(1);
+    start_flag.notify_all();
+    while (done_count < num_atomics) {
+      std::this_thread::yield();
+    }
+  }
+  for (auto& t : wait_threads) {
+    t.request_stop();
+  }
+  start_flag.fetch_add(1);
+  start_flag.notify_all();
+  for (auto& t : wait_threads) {
+    t.join();
+  }
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_atomic_wait_multi_thread_wait_
diff erent_atomics)->RangeMultiplier(2)->Range(1 << 10, 1 << 20);
+
+BENCHMARK_MAIN();

diff  --git a/libcxx/benchmarks/atomic_wait_vs_mutex_lock.bench.cpp b/libcxx/benchmarks/atomic_wait_vs_mutex_lock.bench.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..c60fcd579488c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcxx/benchmarks/atomic_wait_vs_mutex_lock.bench.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// To run this test, build libcxx and cxx-benchmarks targets
+// cd third-party/benchmark/tools
+// ./compare.py filters ../../../build/libcxx/benchmarks/atomic_wait_vs_mutex_lock.libcxx.out BM_atomic_wait BM_mutex
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <thread>
+
+#include "benchmark/benchmark.h"
+#include "make_test_thread.h"
+
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
+struct AtomicLock {
+  std::atomic<bool>& locked_;
+
+  AtomicLock(const AtomicLock&)            = delete;
+  AtomicLock& operator=(const AtomicLock&) = delete;
+
+  AtomicLock(std::atomic<bool>& l) : locked_(l) { lock(); }
+  ~AtomicLock() { unlock(); }
+
+  void lock() {
+    while (true) {
+      locked_.wait(true, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+      bool expected = false;
+      if (locked_.compare_exchange_weak(expected, true, std::memory_order_acquire, std::memory_order_relaxed))
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void unlock() {
+    locked_.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
+    locked_.notify_all();
+  }
+};
+
+// using LockState = std::atomic<bool>;
+// using Lock      = AtomicLock;
+
+// using LockState = std::mutex;
+// using Lock = std::unique_lock<std::mutex>;
+
+template <class LockState, class Lock>
+void test_multi_thread_lock_unlock(benchmark::State& state) {
+  std::uint64_t total_loop_test_param = state.range(0);
+  constexpr auto num_threads          = 15;
+  std::vector<std::jthread> threads;
+  threads.reserve(num_threads);
+
+  std::atomic<std::uint64_t> start_flag = 0;
+  std::atomic<std::uint64_t> done_count = 0;
+
+  LockState lock_state{};
+
+  auto func = [&start_flag, &done_count, &lock_state, total_loop_test_param](std::stop_token st) {
+    auto old_start = 0;
+    while (!st.stop_requested()) {
+      start_flag.wait(old_start);
+      old_start = start_flag.load();
+
+      // main things under test: locking and unlocking in the loop
+      for (std::uint64_t i = 0; i < total_loop_test_param; ++i) {
+        Lock l{lock_state};
+      }
+
+      done_count.fetch_add(1);
+    }
+  };
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < num_threads; ++i) {
+    threads.emplace_back(support::make_test_jthread(func));
+  }
+
+  for (auto _ : state) {
+    done_count = 0;
+    start_flag.fetch_add(1);
+    start_flag.notify_all();
+    while (done_count < num_threads) {
+      std::this_thread::yield();
+    }
+  }
+  for (auto& t : threads) {
+    t.request_stop();
+  }
+  start_flag.fetch_add(1);
+  start_flag.notify_all();
+  for (auto& t : threads) {
+    t.join();
+  }
+}
+
+void BM_atomic_wait(benchmark::State& state) { test_multi_thread_lock_unlock<std::atomic<bool>, AtomicLock>(state); }
+BENCHMARK(BM_atomic_wait)->RangeMultiplier(2)->Range(1 << 10, 1 << 20);
+
+void BM_mutex(benchmark::State& state) {
+  test_multi_thread_lock_unlock<std::mutex, std::unique_lock<std::mutex>>(state);
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_mutex)->RangeMultiplier(2)->Range(1 << 10, 1 << 20);
+
+BENCHMARK_MAIN();


        


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