[libc-commits] [libc] [libc][mathvec][aarch64] Add AdvSIMD optimised expf (PR #206776)

via libc-commits libc-commits at lists.llvm.org
Wed Jul 1 09:00:20 PDT 2026


https://github.com/DylanFleming-arm updated https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/206776

>From 46db6569383429084c99e0ede23cf6e8a9359f58 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Fleming <Dylan.Fleming at arm.com>
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2026 16:50:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] [libc][mathvec][aarch64] Add AdvSIMD optimised expf

---
 libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/CMakeLists.txt |  21 +++++
 libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h       |  33 +++++++
 libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/expf.cpp       | 120 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 174 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/CMakeLists.txt
 create mode 100644 libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h
 create mode 100644 libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/expf.cpp

diff --git a/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/CMakeLists.txt b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..c92f334f8f7e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+add_header_library(
+  common
+  HDRS
+    common.h
+  DEPENDS
+    libc.src.__support.CPP.simd
+)
+
+add_entrypoint_object(
+  expf
+  SRCS
+    expf.cpp
+  HDRS
+    ../expf.h
+  DEPENDS
+    .common
+    libc.src.__support.common
+    libc.src.__support.CPP.simd
+    libc.src.__support.mathvec.common_constants
+
+)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..1f179c92a0dff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+///
+/// \file
+/// This file contains common utilities for AArch64 optimized mathvec functions.
+///
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "src/__support/CPP/simd.h"
+
+// Type aliases for AdvSIMD vectors.
+using AdvSIMDFP32Vector = LIBC_NAMESPACE::cpp::simd<float, 4>;
+using AdvSIMDFP64Vector = LIBC_NAMESPACE::cpp::simd<double, 2>;
+
+// Returns the ptr, but hides its value from the compiler so accesses through it
+// cannot be optimized based on the contents.
+#define ptr_barrier(ptr)                                                       \
+  ({                                                                           \
+    __typeof(ptr) __ptr = (ptr);                                               \
+    __asm("" : "+r"(__ptr));                                                   \
+    __ptr;                                                                     \
+  })
+
+// Helpers for declaring vector constants.
+#define V2(X)                                                                  \
+  { X, X }
+#define V4(X)                                                                  \
+  { X, X, X, X }
diff --git a/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/expf.cpp b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/expf.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..393793156f2fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/expf.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+///
+/// \file
+/// This file contains an AdvSIMD architecture optimised single-precision expf.
+///
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "src/mathvec/expf.h"
+#include "arm_neon.h"
+#include "src/__support/common.h"
+#include "src/__support/mathvec/expf_utils.h"
+#include "src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h"
+
+namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL {
+
+static constexpr struct expf_data {
+  float64x2_t shift, inv_ln2;
+  double ln2_hi, ln2_lo;
+  double c1, c3;
+  float64x2_t c0, c2;
+  float32x4_t range_val;
+  uint32x4_t inf;
+  uint64x2_t idx_mask;
+  const uint64_t *mantissa;
+} expf_data = {
+    .shift = V2(0x1.800000000ffc0p+46),
+    .inv_ln2 = V2(0x1.71547652b82fep+0),
+    .ln2_hi = 0x1.62e42fefa39efp-1,
+    .ln2_lo = 0x1.abc9e3b39803fp-56,
+    .c0 = V2(0x1.fffffffffdbcep-2),
+    .c1 = 0x1.55555555543c2p-3,
+    .c2 = V2(0x1.555573c64f2e3p-5),
+    .c3 = 0x1.111126b4eff73p-7,
+    .range_val = V4(0x1p+9),
+    .inf = V4(0x7f800000),
+    .idx_mask = V2(0x3f),
+    .mantissa = mathvec::EXP_MANTISSA,
+};
+
+LIBC_INLINE static float64x2_t exp_lookup(uint64x2_t u,
+                                          const struct expf_data *data) {
+  uint64_t idx0 = vgetq_lane_u64(u & data->idx_mask, 0);
+  uint64_t idx1 = vgetq_lane_u64(u & data->idx_mask, 1);
+
+  uint64_t mant0 = data->mantissa[idx0];
+  uint64_t mant1 = data->mantissa[idx1];
+
+  uint64x2_t mantissa = vdupq_n_u64(mant0);
+  mantissa = vsetq_lane_u64(mant1, mantissa, 1);
+
+  uint64x2_t mask = vdupq_n_u64(0xfff0000000000000);
+  uint64x2_t exponent = vshlq_n_u64(u, 46);
+  uint64x2_t result = vbslq_u64(mask, exponent, mantissa);
+
+  return vreinterpretq_f64_u64(result);
+}
+
+LIBC_INLINE static float64x2_t inline_exp(float64x2_t x,
+                                          const struct expf_data *data) {
+  float64x2_t z = vfmaq_f64(data->shift, x, data->inv_ln2);
+  float64x2_t n = vsubq_f64(z, data->shift);
+
+  float64x2_t ln2 = vld1q_f64(&data->ln2_hi);
+
+  float64x2_t r = x;
+  r = vfmsq_laneq_f64(r, n, ln2, 0);
+  r = vfmsq_laneq_f64(r, n, ln2, 1);
+
+  float64x2_t coeffs = vld1q_f64(&data->c1);
+
+  // poly(r) = exp(r) - 1 ~= r + c0*r^2 + c1*r^3 + c2*r^4 + c3*r^5
+  float64x2_t r2 = r * r;
+  float64x2_t p01 = vfmaq_laneq_f64(data->c0, r, coeffs, 0);
+  float64x2_t p23 = vfmaq_laneq_f64(data->c2, r, coeffs, 1);
+  float64x2_t p04 = vfmaq_f64(p01, r2, p23);
+  float64x2_t y = vfmaq_f64(r, r2, p04);
+
+  uint64x2_t u = vreinterpretq_u64_f64(z);
+  float64x2_t s = exp_lookup(u, data);
+
+  return vfmaq_f64(s, s, y);
+}
+
+LLVM_LIBC_FUNCTION(AdvSIMDFP32Vector, expf, (AdvSIMDFP32Vector x),
+                   "_ZGVnN4v_expf") {
+  const struct expf_data *data = ptr_barrier(&expf_data);
+
+  // Splits into an upper and lower half for double-precision computation.
+  float64x2_t x_d_lo = vcvt_f64_f32(vget_low_f32(x));
+  float64x2_t x_d_hi = vcvt_high_f64_f32(x);
+
+  // Compute the double precision exponential for the high and low halves.
+  float64x2_t y_lo = inline_exp(x_d_lo, data);
+  float64x2_t y_hi = inline_exp(x_d_hi, data);
+
+  // Round to single precision, and recombine the results.
+  float32x4_t ret = vcombine_f32(vcvt_f32_f64(y_lo), vcvt_f32_f64(y_hi));
+
+  // Handle special cases for overflow and underflow.
+  uint32x4_t special = vcagtq_f32(x, data->range_val);
+  bool has_special = vmaxvq_u32(special) != 0;
+  if (LIBC_UNLIKELY(has_special)) {
+    uint32x4_t is_inf = vcgtzq_f32(x);
+    uint32x4_t inf_or_zero = vandq_u32(is_inf, data->inf);
+    float32x4_t special_res = vreinterpretq_f32_u32(inf_or_zero);
+
+    // Combine the results for normal and special cases and return.
+    return vbslq_f32(special, special_res, ret);
+  }
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+} // namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL

>From 2b26fa3676d381b38f30ba88774fd54419fd5186 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Fleming <Dylan.Fleming at arm.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Jul 2026 15:45:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Addressed review comments

---
 libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/CMakeLists.txt |  2 +-
 libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h       |  6 ++----
 libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/expf.cpp       | 24 ++++++++++++------------
 3 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/CMakeLists.txt b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/CMakeLists.txt
index c92f334f8f7e3..a5da7cc0ce455 100644
--- a/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ add_entrypoint_object(
     libc.src.__support.CPP.simd
     libc.src.__support.mathvec.common_constants
 
-)
\ No newline at end of file
+)
diff --git a/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h
index 1f179c92a0dff..e202bfde83887 100644
--- a/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h
+++ b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/common.h
@@ -27,7 +27,5 @@ using AdvSIMDFP64Vector = LIBC_NAMESPACE::cpp::simd<double, 2>;
   })
 
 // Helpers for declaring vector constants.
-#define V2(X)                                                                  \
-  { X, X }
-#define V4(X)                                                                  \
-  { X, X, X, X }
+#define V2(X) {X, X}
+#define V4(X) {X, X, X, X}
diff --git a/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/expf.cpp b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/expf.cpp
index 393793156f2fc..c024fc3bf56bd 100644
--- a/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/expf.cpp
+++ b/libc/src/mathvec/aarch64/expf.cpp
@@ -29,18 +29,18 @@ static constexpr struct expf_data {
   uint64x2_t idx_mask;
   const uint64_t *mantissa;
 } expf_data = {
-    .shift = V2(0x1.800000000ffc0p+46),
-    .inv_ln2 = V2(0x1.71547652b82fep+0),
-    .ln2_hi = 0x1.62e42fefa39efp-1,
-    .ln2_lo = 0x1.abc9e3b39803fp-56,
-    .c0 = V2(0x1.fffffffffdbcep-2),
-    .c1 = 0x1.55555555543c2p-3,
-    .c2 = V2(0x1.555573c64f2e3p-5),
-    .c3 = 0x1.111126b4eff73p-7,
-    .range_val = V4(0x1p+9),
-    .inf = V4(0x7f800000),
-    .idx_mask = V2(0x3f),
-    .mantissa = mathvec::EXP_MANTISSA,
+    V2(0x1.800000000ffc0p+46), // shift
+    V2(0x1.71547652b82fep+0),  // inv_ln2
+    0x1.62e42fefa39efp-1,      // ln2_hi
+    0x1.abc9e3b39803fp-56,     // ln2_lo
+    0x1.55555555543c2p-3,      // c1
+    0x1.111126b4eff73p-7,      // c3
+    V2(0x1.fffffffffdbcep-2),  // c0
+    V2(0x1.555573c64f2e3p-5),  // c2
+    V4(0x1p+9),                // range_val
+    V4(0x7f800000),            // inf
+    V2(0x3f),                  // idx_mask
+    mathvec::EXP_MANTISSA,     // mantissa
 };
 
 LIBC_INLINE static float64x2_t exp_lookup(uint64x2_t u,



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