[libc-commits] [libc] [llvm] [libc][math] Refactor asinpif16 to Header Only (PR #179021)

Julian Pokrovsky via libc-commits libc-commits at lists.llvm.org
Fri Jan 30 23:26:35 PST 2026


https://github.com/raventid updated https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/179021

>From 3a60c6fa01a73e658d2fae3f0d181c538fbddc7a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: raventid <juliankul at gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2026 15:02:26 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 1/3] [libc][math] Refactor asinpif16 to Header Only

Resolves https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/178103

Part of #147386

in preparation for: https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-make-clang-builtin-math-functions-constexpr-with-llvm-libc-to-support-c-23-constexpr-math-functions/86450
---
 libc/shared/math.h                            |   1 +
 libc/shared/math/asinpif16.h                  |  28 ++++
 libc/src/__support/math/CMakeLists.txt        |  14 ++
 libc/src/__support/math/asinpif16.h           | 138 ++++++++++++++++++
 libc/src/math/generic/CMakeLists.txt          |  11 +-
 libc/src/math/generic/asinpif16.cpp           | 113 +-------------
 libc/test/shared/CMakeLists.txt               |   1 +
 libc/test/shared/shared_math_test.cpp         |   1 +
 .../llvm-project-overlay/libc/BUILD.bazel     |  23 +++
 9 files changed, 209 insertions(+), 121 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 libc/shared/math/asinpif16.h
 create mode 100644 libc/src/__support/math/asinpif16.h

diff --git a/libc/shared/math.h b/libc/shared/math.h
index 452fe3fddc911..bb08568e26d3a 100644
--- a/libc/shared/math.h
+++ b/libc/shared/math.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include "math/asinf16.h"
 #include "math/asinhf.h"
 #include "math/asinhf16.h"
+#include "math/asinpif16.h"
 #include "math/atan.h"
 #include "math/atan2.h"
 #include "math/atan2f.h"
diff --git a/libc/shared/math/asinpif16.h b/libc/shared/math/asinpif16.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..b96449731d2cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libc/shared/math/asinpif16.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+//===-- Shared asinpif16 function -------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_LIBC_SHARED_MATH_ASINPIF16_H
+#define LLVM_LIBC_SHARED_MATH_ASINPIF16_H
+
+#include "shared/libc_common.h"
+
+#ifdef LIBC_TYPES_HAS_FLOAT16
+
+#include "src/__support/math/asinpif16.h"
+
+namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL {
+namespace shared {
+
+using math::asinpif16;
+
+} // namespace shared
+} // namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL
+
+#endif // LIBC_TYPES_HAS_FLOAT16
+
+#endif // LLVM_LIBC_SHARED_MATH_ASINPIF16_H
diff --git a/libc/src/__support/math/CMakeLists.txt b/libc/src/__support/math/CMakeLists.txt
index 0fa48661e58e8..e22c229ff8104 100644
--- a/libc/src/__support/math/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/libc/src/__support/math/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -332,6 +332,20 @@ add_header_library(
     libc.src.__support.macros.optimization
 )
 
+add_header_library(
+  asinpif16
+  HDRS
+    asinpif16.h
+  DEPENDS
+    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.fenv_impl
+    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.fp_bits
+    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.polyeval
+    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.cast
+    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.multiply_add
+    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.sqrt
+    libc.src.__support.macros.optimization
+)
+
 add_header_library(
   cbrt
   HDRS
diff --git a/libc/src/__support/math/asinpif16.h b/libc/src/__support/math/asinpif16.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..248704d2eb738
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libc/src/__support/math/asinpif16.h
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+//===-- Implementation header for asinpif16 ---------------------*- C++ -*-===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_LIBC_SRC___SUPPORT_MATH_ASINPIF16_H
+#define LLVM_LIBC_SRC___SUPPORT_MATH_ASINPIF16_H
+
+#include "include/llvm-libc-macros/float16-macros.h"
+
+#ifdef LIBC_TYPES_HAS_FLOAT16
+
+#include "src/__support/FPUtil/FEnvImpl.h"
+#include "src/__support/FPUtil/FPBits.h"
+#include "src/__support/FPUtil/PolyEval.h"
+#include "src/__support/FPUtil/cast.h"
+#include "src/__support/FPUtil/multiply_add.h"
+#include "src/__support/FPUtil/sqrt.h"
+#include "src/__support/macros/optimization.h"
+
+namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL {
+
+namespace math {
+
+LIBC_INLINE static constexpr float16 asinpif16(float16 x) {
+  using FPBits = fputil::FPBits<float16>;
+
+  FPBits xbits(x);
+  bool is_neg = xbits.is_neg();
+  double x_abs = fputil::cast<double>(xbits.abs().get_val());
+
+  auto signed_result = [is_neg](auto r) -> auto { return is_neg ? -r : r; };
+
+  if (LIBC_UNLIKELY(x_abs > 1.0)) {
+    // aspinf16(NaN) = NaN
+    if (xbits.is_nan()) {
+      if (xbits.is_signaling_nan()) {
+        fputil::raise_except_if_required(FE_INVALID);
+        return FPBits::quiet_nan().get_val();
+      }
+      return x;
+    }
+
+    // 1 < |x| <= +/-inf
+    fputil::raise_except_if_required(FE_INVALID);
+    fputil::set_errno_if_required(EDOM);
+
+    return FPBits::quiet_nan().get_val();
+  }
+
+  // the coefficients for the polynomial approximation of asin(x)/pi in the
+  // range [0, 0.5] extracted using python-sympy
+  //
+  // Python code to generate the coefficients:
+  //  > from sympy import *
+  //  > import math
+  //  > x = symbols('x')
+  //  > print(series(asin(x)/math.pi, x, 0, 21))
+  //
+  // OUTPUT:
+  //
+  // 0.318309886183791*x + 0.0530516476972984*x**3 + 0.0238732414637843*x**5 +
+  // 0.0142102627760621*x**7 + 0.00967087327815336*x**9 +
+  // 0.00712127941391293*x**11 + 0.00552355646848375*x**13 +
+  // 0.00444514782463692*x**15 + 0.00367705242846804*x**17 +
+  // 0.00310721681820837*x**19 + O(x**21)
+  //
+  // it's very accurate in the range [0, 0.5] and has a maximum error of
+  // 0.0000000000000001 in the range [0, 0.5].
+  constexpr double POLY_COEFFS[] = {
+      0x1.45f306dc9c889p-2, // x^1
+      0x1.b2995e7b7b5fdp-5, // x^3
+      0x1.8723a1d588a36p-6, // x^5
+      0x1.d1a452f20430dp-7, // x^7
+      0x1.3ce52a3a09f61p-7, // x^9
+      0x1.d2b33e303d375p-8, // x^11
+      0x1.69fde663c674fp-8, // x^13
+      0x1.235134885f19bp-8, // x^15
+  };
+  // polynomial evaluation using horner's method
+  // work only for |x| in [0, 0.5]
+  auto asinpi_polyeval = [&POLY_COEFFS](double x) -> double {
+    return x * fputil::polyeval(x * x, POLY_COEFFS[0], POLY_COEFFS[1],
+                                POLY_COEFFS[2], POLY_COEFFS[3], POLY_COEFFS[4],
+                                POLY_COEFFS[5], POLY_COEFFS[6], POLY_COEFFS[7]);
+  };
+
+  // if |x| <= 0.5:
+  if (LIBC_UNLIKELY(x_abs <= 0.5)) {
+    // Use polynomial approximation of asin(x)/pi in the range [0, 0.5]
+    double result = asinpi_polyeval(fputil::cast<double>(x));
+    return fputil::cast<float16>(result);
+  }
+
+  // If |x| > 0.5, we need to use the range reduction method:
+  //    y = asin(x) => x = sin(y)
+  //      because: sin(a) = cos(pi/2 - a)
+  //      therefore:
+  //    x = cos(pi/2 - y)
+  //      let z = pi/2 - y,
+  //    x = cos(z)
+  //      because: cos(2a) = 1 - 2 * sin^2(a), z = 2a, a = z/2
+  //      therefore:
+  //    cos(z) = 1 - 2 * sin^2(z/2)
+  //    sin(z/2) = sqrt((1 - cos(z))/2)
+  //    sin(z/2) = sqrt((1 - x)/2)
+  //      let u = (1 - x)/2
+  //      then:
+  //    sin(z/2) = sqrt(u)
+  //    z/2 = asin(sqrt(u))
+  //    z = 2 * asin(sqrt(u))
+  //    pi/2 - y = 2 * asin(sqrt(u))
+  //    y = pi/2 - 2 * asin(sqrt(u))
+  //    y/pi = 1/2 - 2 * asin(sqrt(u))/pi
+  //
+  // Finally, we can write:
+  //   asinpi(x) = 1/2 - 2 * asinpi(sqrt(u))
+  //     where u = (1 - x) /2
+  //             = 0.5 - 0.5 * x
+  //             = multiply_add(-0.5, x, 0.5)
+
+  double u = fputil::multiply_add(-0.5, x_abs, 0.5);
+  double asinpi_sqrt_u = asinpi_polyeval(fputil::sqrt<double>(u));
+  double result = fputil::multiply_add(-2.0, asinpi_sqrt_u, 0.5);
+
+  return fputil::cast<float16>(signed_result(result));
+}
+
+} // namespace math
+
+} // namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL
+
+#endif // LIBC_TYPES_HAS_FLOAT16
+
+#endif // LLVM_LIBC_SRC___SUPPORT_MATH_ASINPIF16_H
diff --git a/libc/src/math/generic/CMakeLists.txt b/libc/src/math/generic/CMakeLists.txt
index 2475aa52c3c0e..9c1d20f9bb6ad 100644
--- a/libc/src/math/generic/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/libc/src/math/generic/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -4213,16 +4213,7 @@ add_entrypoint_object(
   HDRS
     ../asinpif16.h
   DEPENDS
-    libc.hdr.errno_macros
-    libc.hdr.fenv_macros
-    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.cast
-    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.except_value_utils
-    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.fenv_impl
-    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.fp_bits
-    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.multiply_add
-    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.polyeval
-    libc.src.__support.FPUtil.sqrt
-    libc.src.__support.macros.optimization
+    libc.src.__support.math.asinpif16
 )
 
 add_entrypoint_object(
diff --git a/libc/src/math/generic/asinpif16.cpp b/libc/src/math/generic/asinpif16.cpp
index 395f4c4ebc070..bb765075f64e7 100644
--- a/libc/src/math/generic/asinpif16.cpp
+++ b/libc/src/math/generic/asinpif16.cpp
@@ -7,121 +7,12 @@
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 #include "src/math/asinpif16.h"
-#include "hdr/errno_macros.h"
-#include "hdr/fenv_macros.h"
-#include "src/__support/FPUtil/FEnvImpl.h"
-#include "src/__support/FPUtil/FPBits.h"
-#include "src/__support/FPUtil/PolyEval.h"
-#include "src/__support/FPUtil/cast.h"
-#include "src/__support/FPUtil/except_value_utils.h"
-#include "src/__support/FPUtil/multiply_add.h"
-#include "src/__support/FPUtil/sqrt.h"
-#include "src/__support/macros/optimization.h"
+#include "src/__support/math/asinpif16.h"
 
 namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL {
 
 LLVM_LIBC_FUNCTION(float16, asinpif16, (float16 x)) {
-  using FPBits = fputil::FPBits<float16>;
-
-  FPBits xbits(x);
-  bool is_neg = xbits.is_neg();
-  double x_abs = fputil::cast<double>(xbits.abs().get_val());
-
-  auto signed_result = [is_neg](auto r) -> auto { return is_neg ? -r : r; };
-
-  if (LIBC_UNLIKELY(x_abs > 1.0)) {
-    // aspinf16(NaN) = NaN
-    if (xbits.is_nan()) {
-      if (xbits.is_signaling_nan()) {
-        fputil::raise_except_if_required(FE_INVALID);
-        return FPBits::quiet_nan().get_val();
-      }
-      return x;
-    }
-
-    // 1 < |x| <= +/-inf
-    fputil::raise_except_if_required(FE_INVALID);
-    fputil::set_errno_if_required(EDOM);
-
-    return FPBits::quiet_nan().get_val();
-  }
-
-  // the coefficients for the polynomial approximation of asin(x)/pi in the
-  // range [0, 0.5] extracted using python-sympy
-  //
-  // Python code to generate the coefficients:
-  //  > from sympy import *
-  //  > import math
-  //  > x = symbols('x')
-  //  > print(series(asin(x)/math.pi, x, 0, 21))
-  //
-  // OUTPUT:
-  //
-  // 0.318309886183791*x + 0.0530516476972984*x**3 + 0.0238732414637843*x**5 +
-  // 0.0142102627760621*x**7 + 0.00967087327815336*x**9 +
-  // 0.00712127941391293*x**11 + 0.00552355646848375*x**13 +
-  // 0.00444514782463692*x**15 + 0.00367705242846804*x**17 +
-  // 0.00310721681820837*x**19 + O(x**21)
-  //
-  // it's very accurate in the range [0, 0.5] and has a maximum error of
-  // 0.0000000000000001 in the range [0, 0.5].
-  constexpr double POLY_COEFFS[] = {
-      0x1.45f306dc9c889p-2, // x^1
-      0x1.b2995e7b7b5fdp-5, // x^3
-      0x1.8723a1d588a36p-6, // x^5
-      0x1.d1a452f20430dp-7, // x^7
-      0x1.3ce52a3a09f61p-7, // x^9
-      0x1.d2b33e303d375p-8, // x^11
-      0x1.69fde663c674fp-8, // x^13
-      0x1.235134885f19bp-8, // x^15
-  };
-  // polynomial evaluation using horner's method
-  // work only for |x| in [0, 0.5]
-  auto asinpi_polyeval = [&](double x) -> double {
-    return x * fputil::polyeval(x * x, POLY_COEFFS[0], POLY_COEFFS[1],
-                                POLY_COEFFS[2], POLY_COEFFS[3], POLY_COEFFS[4],
-                                POLY_COEFFS[5], POLY_COEFFS[6], POLY_COEFFS[7]);
-  };
-
-  // if |x| <= 0.5:
-  if (LIBC_UNLIKELY(x_abs <= 0.5)) {
-    // Use polynomial approximation of asin(x)/pi in the range [0, 0.5]
-    double result = asinpi_polyeval(fputil::cast<double>(x));
-    return fputil::cast<float16>(result);
-  }
-
-  // If |x| > 0.5, we need to use the range reduction method:
-  //    y = asin(x) => x = sin(y)
-  //      because: sin(a) = cos(pi/2 - a)
-  //      therefore:
-  //    x = cos(pi/2 - y)
-  //      let z = pi/2 - y,
-  //    x = cos(z)
-  //      because: cos(2a) = 1 - 2 * sin^2(a), z = 2a, a = z/2
-  //      therefore:
-  //    cos(z) = 1 - 2 * sin^2(z/2)
-  //    sin(z/2) = sqrt((1 - cos(z))/2)
-  //    sin(z/2) = sqrt((1 - x)/2)
-  //      let u = (1 - x)/2
-  //      then:
-  //    sin(z/2) = sqrt(u)
-  //    z/2 = asin(sqrt(u))
-  //    z = 2 * asin(sqrt(u))
-  //    pi/2 - y = 2 * asin(sqrt(u))
-  //    y = pi/2 - 2 * asin(sqrt(u))
-  //    y/pi = 1/2 - 2 * asin(sqrt(u))/pi
-  //
-  // Finally, we can write:
-  //   asinpi(x) = 1/2 - 2 * asinpi(sqrt(u))
-  //     where u = (1 - x) /2
-  //             = 0.5 - 0.5 * x
-  //             = multiply_add(-0.5, x, 0.5)
-
-  double u = fputil::multiply_add(-0.5, x_abs, 0.5);
-  double asinpi_sqrt_u = asinpi_polyeval(fputil::sqrt<double>(u));
-  double result = fputil::multiply_add(-2.0, asinpi_sqrt_u, 0.5);
-
-  return fputil::cast<float16>(signed_result(result));
+  return math::asinpif16(x);
 }
 
 } // namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL
diff --git a/libc/test/shared/CMakeLists.txt b/libc/test/shared/CMakeLists.txt
index fb9874ab3ec03..9b78cc2e2bb64 100644
--- a/libc/test/shared/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/libc/test/shared/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ add_fp_unittest(
     libc.src.__support.math.asinf16
     libc.src.__support.math.asinhf
     libc.src.__support.math.asinhf16
+    libc.src.__support.math.asinpif16
     libc.src.__support.math.atan
     libc.src.__support.math.atan2
     libc.src.__support.math.atan2f
diff --git a/libc/test/shared/shared_math_test.cpp b/libc/test/shared/shared_math_test.cpp
index 92511cc55267e..77ddf2d5d197d 100644
--- a/libc/test/shared/shared_math_test.cpp
+++ b/libc/test/shared/shared_math_test.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ TEST(LlvmLibcSharedMathTest, AllFloat16) {
 
   EXPECT_FP_EQ(0x0p+0f16, LIBC_NAMESPACE::shared::asinf16(0.0f16));
   EXPECT_FP_EQ(0x0p+0f16, LIBC_NAMESPACE::shared::asinhf16(0.0f16));
+  EXPECT_FP_EQ(0x0p+0f16, LIBC_NAMESPACE::shared::asinpif16(0.0f16));
   EXPECT_FP_EQ(0x0p+0f16, LIBC_NAMESPACE::shared::atanf16(0.0f16));
   EXPECT_FP_EQ(0x0p+0f16, LIBC_NAMESPACE::shared::atanhf16(0.0f16));
   EXPECT_FP_EQ(0x1p+0f16, LIBC_NAMESPACE::shared::cosf16(0.0f16));
diff --git a/utils/bazel/llvm-project-overlay/libc/BUILD.bazel b/utils/bazel/llvm-project-overlay/libc/BUILD.bazel
index 87b2a392287a6..aa0707f688d57 100644
--- a/utils/bazel/llvm-project-overlay/libc/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/utils/bazel/llvm-project-overlay/libc/BUILD.bazel
@@ -3634,6 +3634,21 @@ libc_support_library(
     ],
 )
 
+libc_support_library(
+    name = "__support_math_asinpif16",
+    hdrs = ["src/__support/math/asinpif16.h"],
+    deps = [
+        ":__support_fputil_cast",
+        ":__support_fputil_fenv_impl",
+        ":__support_fputil_fp_bits",
+        ":__support_fputil_multiply_add",
+        ":__support_fputil_polyeval",
+        ":__support_fputil_sqrt",
+        ":__support_macros_optimization",
+        ":__support_macros_properties_types",
+    ],
+)
+
 libc_support_library(
     name = "__support_math_tan",
     hdrs = ["src/__support/math/tan.h"],
@@ -5292,6 +5307,14 @@ libc_math_function(
     ],
 )
 
+libc_math_function(
+    name = "asinpif16",
+    additional_deps = [
+        ":__support_math_asinpif16",
+        ":errno",
+    ]
+)
+
 libc_math_function(
     name = "sqrt",
     additional_deps = [

>From 17a8c9d7ebda15077e97153906f26f0b6a87ae91 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: raventid <juliankul at gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2026 15:25:23 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] remove unused dependency from Bazel build

---
 utils/bazel/llvm-project-overlay/libc/BUILD.bazel | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/utils/bazel/llvm-project-overlay/libc/BUILD.bazel b/utils/bazel/llvm-project-overlay/libc/BUILD.bazel
index aa0707f688d57..585977990301d 100644
--- a/utils/bazel/llvm-project-overlay/libc/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/utils/bazel/llvm-project-overlay/libc/BUILD.bazel
@@ -3645,7 +3645,6 @@ libc_support_library(
         ":__support_fputil_polyeval",
         ":__support_fputil_sqrt",
         ":__support_macros_optimization",
-        ":__support_macros_properties_types",
     ],
 )
 

>From 4402ca797d6063b800acb598c5a5da63ff4dafb5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: raventid <juliankul at gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2026 15:26:20 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] do not capture POLY_COEFFS lambda

---
 libc/src/__support/math/asinpif16.h | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/libc/src/__support/math/asinpif16.h b/libc/src/__support/math/asinpif16.h
index 248704d2eb738..8e1d6afac2c29 100644
--- a/libc/src/__support/math/asinpif16.h
+++ b/libc/src/__support/math/asinpif16.h
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ LIBC_INLINE static constexpr float16 asinpif16(float16 x) {
   };
   // polynomial evaluation using horner's method
   // work only for |x| in [0, 0.5]
-  auto asinpi_polyeval = [&POLY_COEFFS](double x) -> double {
+  auto asinpi_polyeval = [](double x) -> double {
     return x * fputil::polyeval(x * x, POLY_COEFFS[0], POLY_COEFFS[1],
                                 POLY_COEFFS[2], POLY_COEFFS[3], POLY_COEFFS[4],
                                 POLY_COEFFS[5], POLY_COEFFS[6], POLY_COEFFS[7]);



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