[cfe-commits] r152446 - /cfe/trunk/docs/LanguageExtensions.html
Douglas Gregor
dgregor at apple.com
Fri Mar 9 15:24:48 PST 2012
Author: dgregor
Date: Fri Mar 9 17:24:48 2012
New Revision: 152446
URL: http://llvm.org/viewvc/llvm-project?rev=152446&view=rev
Log:
Document the conversion from a lambda closure type to a block pointer
in Objective-C++.
Modified:
cfe/trunk/docs/LanguageExtensions.html
Modified: cfe/trunk/docs/LanguageExtensions.html
URL: http://llvm.org/viewvc/llvm-project/cfe/trunk/docs/LanguageExtensions.html?rev=152446&r1=152445&r2=152446&view=diff
==============================================================================
--- cfe/trunk/docs/LanguageExtensions.html (original)
+++ cfe/trunk/docs/LanguageExtensions.html Fri Mar 9 17:24:48 2012
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@
<li><a href="#objc_instancetype">Related result types</a></li>
<li><a href="#objc_arc">Automatic reference counting</a></li>
<li><a href="#objc_fixed_enum">Enumerations with a fixed underlying type</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#objc_lambdas">Interoperability with C++11 lambdas</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#overloading-in-c">Function Overloading in C</a></li>
@@ -1022,6 +1023,62 @@
support for fixed underlying types is available in Objective-C.</p>
<!-- ======================================================================= -->
+<h2 id="objc_lambdas">Interoperability with C++11 lambdas</h2>
+<!-- ======================================================================= -->
+
+<p>Clang provides interoperability between C++11 lambdas and
+blocks-based APIs, by permitting a lambda to be implicitly converted
+to a block pointer with the corresponding signature. For example,
+consider an API such as <code>NSArray</code>'s array-sorting
+method:</p>
+
+<pre> - (NSArray *)sortedArrayUsingComparator:(NSComparator)cmptr; </pre>
+
+<p><code>NSComparator</code> is simply a typedef for the block pointer
+<code>NSComparisonResult (^)(id, id)</code>, and parameters of this
+type are generally provided with block literals as arguments. However,
+one can also use a C++11 lambda so long as it provides the same
+signature (in this case, accepting two parameters of type
+<code>id</code> and returning an <code>NSComparisonResult</code>):</p>
+
+<pre>
+ NSArray *array = @[@"string 1", @"string 21", @"string 12", @"String 11",
+ @"String 02"];
+ const NSStringCompareOptions comparisonOptions
+ = NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch |
+ NSWidthInsensitiveSearch | NSForcedOrderingSearch;
+ NSLocale *currentLocale = [NSLocale currentLocale];
+ NSArray *sorted
+ = [array sortedArrayUsingComparator:<b>[=](id s1, id s2) -> NSComparisonResult {
+ NSRange string1Range = NSMakeRange(0, [s1 length]);
+ return [s1 compare:s2 options:comparisonOptions
+ range:string1Range locale:currentLocale];
+ }</b>];
+ NSLog(@"sorted: %@", sorted);
+</pre>
+
+<p>This code relies on an implicit conversion from the type of the
+lambda expression (an unnamed, local class type called the <i>closure
+type</i>) to the corresponding block pointer type. The conversion
+itself is expressed by a conversion operator in that closure type
+that produces a block pointer with the same signature as the lambda
+itself, e.g.,</p>
+
+<pre>
+ operator NSComparisonResult (^)(id, id)() const;
+</pre>
+
+<p>This conversion function returns a new block that simply forwards
+the two parameters to the lambda object (which it captures by copy),
+then returns the result. The returned block is first copied (with
+<tt>Block_copy</tt>) and then autoreleased. As an optimization, if a
+lambda expression is immediately converted to a block pointer (as in
+the first example, above), then the block is not copied and
+autoreleased: rather, it is given the same lifetime as a block literal
+written at that point in the program, which avoids the overhead of
+copying a block to the heap in the common case.</p>
+
+<!-- ======================================================================= -->
<h2 id="overloading-in-c">Function Overloading in C</h2>
<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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