<span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif">Hi,</span><br><br><span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif">We, IBM XL Fortran
compiler team, is interested in representing Fortran alias information
in LLVM IR. We use the XL Fortran frontend to emit LLVM IR that includes
alias information to feed to the LLVM in order to create object files.
For the Fortran alias representation in LLVM IR, we considered both
TBAA and ScopeAlias/NoAlias metadata approaches, we think that the ScopeAlias/NoAlias
metadata is more appropriate for refined alias information for Fortran.
The XL Fortran frontend emits the alias info in terms of what other
symbols that a symbol alias to. We experiment a scheme that represents
the alias relation in terms of noalias and scope alias metadata in LLVM
IR. An example is shown in the attached slides and the full .ll file
for the example is also attached.</span><br><br><span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif">In this experiment,
we observe that the performance gain varies from workload to workload,
and the extent can be from a few percent to 2X. The compile time
and the size of the IR increase as well.</span><br><br><span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif">We briefly investigated
the possible causes of the long compile time and the large IR size issues.
For the compile-time performance, we observe:</span><br><span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif">- Each alias query
(ScopedNoAliasAAResult::mayAliasInScopes) involves partitioning a metadata
set based on the domains of the metadata elements. One possible solution
is that pre-partitioning the metadata sets and maintaining the partitions
on updates can help.</span><br><span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif">- Intersection
of noalias sets is O(n^2) as metadata elements do not have any ordering.
Defining some order on the elements can help significantly.</span><br><span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif">- Some optimizations
do not scale well when the size of the working instruction set increases,
e.g. SCEV functions.</span><br><br><span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif">For the size of
LLVM IR, the noalias metadata requires a flattened set of metadata nodes.
A hierarchical representation can reduce memory footprint.</span><br><br><span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif">With these findings,
we would like to start a thread to discuss how to express Fortran alias
in LLVM IR. Any comments and information regarding any previous approaches
are welcome.</span><br><br><br><br><br><span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif"><br>Thanks,<br>Kelvin Li</span><br><span style=" font-size:10pt;font-family:sans-serif">Tarique Islam<br></span><br><br><br><BR>