<div dir="ltr"><div><div>I tried changing 'noalias' to 'restrict' in the code and I get:<br><br>fma.c:17:12: warning: 'restrict' attribute only applies to return values that are pointers <br><br></div>It seems like 'noalias' would be the correct attribute here, from the article you linked:<br><br>"if a function is annotated as <code>noalias</code>, the optimizer can
assume that, in addition to the parameters themselves, only first-level
indirections of pointer parameters are referenced or modified inside the
function. The visible global state is the set of all data that is not
defined or referenced outside of the compilation scope, and their
address is not taken."<br><br></div>Phil<br><div><br></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, Nov 17, 2016 at 9:50 PM, Nema, Ashutosh <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:Ashutosh.Nema@amd.com" target="_blank">Ashutosh.Nema@amd.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">If I understood it correctly, __declspec(noalias) is not the same as specifying restrict on each parameter.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">It means in the mentioned example a, b & c don't modify or reference any global state, but they are free to alias one another.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">You could specify restrict on each one to indicate that they do not alias each other.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">For more details refer:
<a href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/k649tyc7.aspx" target="_blank">https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-<wbr>us/library/k649tyc7.aspx</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Regards,<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Ashutosh<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> llvm-dev [mailto:<a href="mailto:llvm-dev-bounces@lists.llvm.org" target="_blank">llvm-dev-bounces@<wbr>lists.llvm.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Phil Tomson via llvm-dev<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, November 18, 2016 12:23 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> LLVM Developers Mailing List <<a href="mailto:llvm-dev@lists.llvm.org" target="_blank">llvm-dev@lists.llvm.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [llvm-dev] Loop invariant not being optimized<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">I've got an example where I think that there should be some loop-invariant optimization happening, but it's not. Here's the C code:<br>
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<span style="font-family:"Courier New"">#define DIM 8<br>
#define UNROLL_DIM DIM<br>
typedef double InArray[DIM][DIM];<br>
<br>
__declspec(noalias) void f1( InArray c, const InArray a, const InArray b )<br>
{<br>
<br>
#pragma clang loop unroll_count(UNROLL_DIM)<br>
for( int i=0;i<DIM;i++)<br>
#pragma clang loop unroll_count(UNROLL_DIM)<br>
for( int j=0;j<DIM;j++)<br>
#pragma clang loop unroll_count(UNROLL_DIM)<br>
for( int k=0;k<DIM;k++) {<br>
c[i][k] = c[i][k] + a[i][j]*b[j][k];<br>
}<br>
}</span><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">The "a[i][j]" there is invariant in that inner loop. I've unrolled the loops with the unroll pragma to make the assembly easier to read, here's what I see (LVM 3.9, compiling with: clang -fms-compatibility -funroll-loops
-O3 -c fma.c -o fma.o )<br>
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<span style="font-family:"Courier New"">0000000000000000 <f1>:<br>
0: 29580c0000000000 load r3,r0,0x0,64<br>
8: 2958100200000000 load r4,r1,0x0,64 #r4 <- a[0][0]<br>
10: 2958140400000000 load r5,r2,0x0,64<br>
18: c0580c0805018000 fmaf r3,r4,r5,r3,64<br>
20: 79b80c0000000000 store r3,r0,0x0,64<br>
28: 2958100000000008 load r4,r0,0x8,64<br>
30: 2958140200000000 load r5,r1,0x0,64 #r5 <- a[0][0]<br>
38: 2958180400000008 load r6,r2,0x8,64<br>
40: c058100a06020000 fmaf r4,r5,r6,r4,64<br>
48: 79b8100000000008 store r4,r0,0x8,64<br>
50: 2958140000000010 load r5,r0,0x10,64<br>
58: 2958180200000000 load r6,r1,0x0,64 #r6 <- a[0][0]<br>
60: 29581c0400000010 load r7,r2,0x10,64<br>
68: c058140c07028000 fmaf r5,r6,r7,r5,64<br>
70: 79b8140000000010 store r5,r0,0x10,64<br>
78: 2958180000000018 load r6,r0,0x18,64<br>
80: 29581c0200000000 load r7,r1,0x0,64 #r7 <- a[0][0]<br>
88: 2958200400000018 load r8,r2,0x18,64<br>
90: c058180e08030000 fmaf r6,r7,r8,r6,64<br>
... </span><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">(fmaf semantics are: fmaf r1,r2,r3,r4, SIZE r1 <- r2*r3+r4 )<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">(load semantics are: load r1,r2,imm, SIZE r1<- mem[r2+imm] )<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">All three of the addresses are loaded in every loop. Only two need to be reloaded in the inner loop. I added the 'noalias' declspec in the C code above thinking that it would indicate that the pointers going
into the function are not aliased and that that would allow the optimization, but it didn't make any difference.<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Of course it's easy to rewrite the example code to avoid this extra load/inner loop, but I would have thought this would be a fairly straighforward optimization for the optimizer. Am I missing something?<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Phil<u></u><u></u></p>
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