<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_extra"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=""><div class="h5"><br>
> Again, as stated before, both of these issues are covered by the apache license.<br>
><br>
> It has a built-in CLA that explicitly grants both copyright and patent<br>
> rights from contributors when they make contributions to the work.<br>
<br>
</div></div>Huh? How can employee X of company Y contributing a patch grant any<br>
patent rights on behalf of Y?<br>
<div class=""><div class="h5"><br></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Agent, actual, or apparent authority.</div><div>All valid.</div><div><br></div><div>Let's start with: In just about every country in the world, anyone contributing on behalf of their company are exercising their employers copyright (in most cases, even if they do it in their "spare time", since most people misunderstand what the law grants them there).</div><div><br></div><div>The license says:</div><div><br></div><div><p style="margin:0px 0px 10px;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Droid Serif',Georgia,'Times New Roman',Times,serif;font-size:14px;line-height:20px">"Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by the copyright owner that is granting the License.</p><div><br></div>It then uses licensor as the granter.</div><div><br></div><div>For example:<br><br></div><div>The copyright owner of work i do for Google is not owned by me, it's owned Google. Thus, *Google* is the licensor, as defined by the license, even if i am the one sending the work to llvm.</div><div><br></div><div>Both actual (They told me i could contribute), agent (I am also actually authorized to contribute anyway), and apparent authority (Everyone else in the community would normally believe i have authority to contribute, and thus, there is apparent authority, regardless of whether Google said i could contribute) would all bind Google when i contribute stuff.</div><div><br></div><div>Any one of them is sufficient.</div><div><br></div><div>Bottom line: If someone contributes to LLVM from a company, apparent authority is going to bind that company.</div><div>This is why companies often try to carefully control who contributes things to open source.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></div></div>