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<p class="MsoNormal">Hi, I would like to submit the following patch to include/llvm/CodeGen/TargetLoweringObjectFileImpl.h which works around a bug in the Visual Studio compiler.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The bug is that the compiler does not initialize a field in the class when it creates a default constructor when it should be zero-initialized. The result is that when the field is later accessed, the value is whatever value happens to
be stored there, instead of the proper zero value (false in this case). The explanation of the issue is the following:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Quoting The C++11 standard section [class.base.init]p8 that "In a non-delegating constructor, if a given non-static data member or base class is not designated by a mem-initializer-id (including the case where there
is no mem-initializer-list because the constructor has no ctor-initializer) and the entity is not a virtual base class of an abstract class (10.4), then<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:.5in">— if the entity is a non-static data member that has a brace-or-equal-initializer, the entity is initialized as specified in 8.5;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:.5in">— otherwise, if the entity is a variant member (9.5), no initialization is performed;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:.5in">— otherwise, the entity is default-initialized "<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">The lack of default-initialization is what is causing this problem if we use the Visual Studio compiler:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">At CodeGen stage, the implicit default constructor for class TargetLoweringObjectFileELF is called. Class 'TargetLoweringObjectFileELF' has a field called 'UseInitArray'. If that field is set to true, then the compiler
will emit global constructors/destructors in the .init_array section. Otherwise, it will emit those symbols in the .ctors sections.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">The lack of a user defined default constructor for class TargetLoweringObjectFileELF means that the compiler will have to implicitly generate a default constructor with no initializer and empty body. Then, still
according to the standard ( [class.base.init]p8 ) it should default-initialize field 'UseInitArray'.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">The Visual Studio compiler does not perform the field initialization. Hence the intermittent problem (depending on the garbage value read from memory we either think we shall emit those symbols on the .ctors section
or .init_array section).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">To illustrate this issue, I have attached a sample file mytest2.cpp, and the assembly generated for it by the MSVC18 (Visual Studio 2013). The source defines 3 different classes A, B and C. All are identical except for the following characteristics:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Class A does not define a default constructor and uses one generated automatically by the compiler<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Class B defines an empty default constructor<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Class C defines an empty default constructor which initializes the Boolean field to false<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">If you examine the assembly generated by the compiler, you can see that the constructors generated for A and B area identical, and C is similar, but it contains an initialization of the Boolean field to false which A and B are both missing.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">This patch works around the issue by adding a default constructor to the class which explicitly initializes the field to false (the zero value).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The patch also includes an LLVM test which checks that a .init_array is not generated for a non-linux ELF target.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Douglas Yung<o:p></o:p></p>
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