[PATCH] D12781: PGO IR-level instrumentation infrastructure

Rong Xu via llvm-commits llvm-commits at lists.llvm.org
Tue Dec 1 15:17:58 PST 2015


Justin, Thanks for the review and comments!
I'll fix the suggested formatting in the coming patch.
Some replies are inlined.

On Tue, Dec 1, 2015 at 2:38 PM, Justin Bogner <mail at justinbogner.com> wrote:

> Rong Xu <xur at google.com> writes:
> > xur updated this revision to Diff 41428.
> > xur marked 2 inline comments as done.
> > xur added a comment.
> >
> > Integrated Sean's most recently review comments.
>
> This is looking pretty reasonable. Some style nitpicks and minor
> comments below.
>
> >
> > http://reviews.llvm.org/D12781
> >
> > Files:
> >   include/llvm/IR/DiagnosticInfo.h
> >   include/llvm/InitializePasses.h
> >   include/llvm/LinkAllPasses.h
> >   include/llvm/Transforms/Instrumentation.h
> >   lib/IR/DiagnosticInfo.cpp
> >   lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/CFGMST.h
> >   lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/CMakeLists.txt
> >   lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/Instrumentation.cpp
> >   lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/LLVMBuild.txt
> >   lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/PGOInstrumentation.cpp
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/branch1.proftext
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/branch2.proftext
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/criticaledge.proftext
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/landingpad.proftext
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/loop1.proftext
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/loop2.proftext
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/single_bb.proftext
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/switch.proftext
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/branch1.ll
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/branch2.ll
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/checksum_mismatch.ll
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/criticaledge.ll
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/landingpad.ll
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/loop1.ll
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/loop2.ll
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/noprofile_use.ll
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/single_bb.ll
> >   test/Transforms/PGOProfile/switch.ll
> >
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/switch.ll
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/switch.ll
> > @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-gen -S | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GEN
> > +; RUN: llvm-profdata merge %S/Inputs/switch.proftext -o
> %T/switch.profdata
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-use
> -pgo-test-profile-file=%T/switch.profdata -S | FileCheck %s
> --check-prefix=USE
> > +target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
> > +target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
> > +
> > +; GEN: @__llvm_profile_name_test_switch = private constant [11 x i8]
> c"test_switch"
> > +
> > +define void @test_switch(i32 %i) {
> > +entry:
> > +; GEN: entry:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  switch i32 %i, label %sw.default [
> > +    i32 1, label %sw.bb
> > +    i32 2, label %sw.bb1
> > +    i32 3, label %sw.bb2
> > +  ]
> > +; USE: ]
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_SWITCH:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +sw.bb:
> > +; GEN: sw.bb:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([11 x i8], [11 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_switch, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 46200943743, i32 4, i32 2)
> > +  br label %sw.epilog
> > +
> > +sw.bb1:
> > +; GEN: sw.bb1:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([11 x i8], [11 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_switch, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 46200943743, i32 4, i32 0)
> > +  br label %sw.epilog
> > +
> > +sw.bb2:
> > +; GEN: sw.bb2:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([11 x i8], [11 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_switch, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 46200943743, i32 4, i32 1)
> > +  br label %sw.epilog
> > +
> > +sw.default:
> > +; GEN: sw.default:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([11 x i8], [11 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_switch, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 46200943743, i32 4, i32 3)
> > +  br label %sw.epilog
> > +
> > +sw.epilog:
> > +; GEN: sw.epilog:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  ret void
> > +; GEN: ret void
> > +}
> > +
> > +; USE: ![[BW_SWITCH]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 3, i32 2, i32 0, i32 5}
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/single_bb.ll
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/single_bb.ll
> > @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-gen -S | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GEN
> > +target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
> > +target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
> > +
> > +; GEN: @__llvm_profile_name_single_bb = private constant [9 x i8]
> c"single_bb"
> > +
> > +define i32 @single_bb() {
> > +entry:
> > +; GEN: entry:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([9 x i8], [9 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_single_bb, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 12884901887, i32 1, i32 0)
> > +  ret i32 0
> > +}
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/noprofile_use.ll
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/noprofile_use.ll
> > @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
> > +; RUN: not opt < %s -pgo-instr-use
> -pgo-test-profile-file=%T/notexisting.profdata -S  2>&1
>
> Could you FileCheck for the error message here please? It makes the
> purpose of the test a bit clearer.
>
>
I used to have a grep command. But I got an error from *-win7 buildbot.
They have a different system error message. I'll do some experiments to see
what is the proper message to grep.


> > +
> > +target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
> > +target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
> > +
> > +define i32 @foo() {
> > +entry:
> > +  ret i32 0
> > +}
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/loop2.ll
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/loop2.ll
> > @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-gen -S | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GEN
> > +; RUN: llvm-profdata merge %S/Inputs/loop2.proftext -o %T/loop2.profdata
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-use -pgo-test-profile-file=%T/loop2.profdata
> -S | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=USE
> > +target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
> > +target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
> > +
> > +; GEN: @__llvm_profile_name_test_nested_for = private constant [15 x
> i8] c"test_nested_for"
> > +
> > +define i32 @test_nested_for(i32 %r, i32 %s, i32 %t) {
> > +entry:
> > +; GEN: entry:
> > +  br label %for.cond
> > +
> > +for.cond:
> > +; GEN: for.cond:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %i.0 = phi i32 [ 0, %entry ], [ %inc12, %for.inc11 ]
> > +  %nested_for_sum.0 = phi i32 [ 1, %entry ], [ %nested_for_sum.1,
> %for.inc11 ]
> > +  %cmp = icmp slt i32 %i.0, %r
> > +  br i1 %cmp, label %for.body, label %for.end13
> > +; USE: br i1 %cmp, label %for.body, label %for.end13
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_FOR_COND:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +for.body:
> > +; GEN: for.body:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  br label %for.cond1
> > +
> > +for.cond1:
> > +; GEN: for.cond1:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %j.0 = phi i32 [ 0, %for.body ], [ %inc9, %for.inc8 ]
> > +  %nested_for_sum.1 = phi i32 [ %nested_for_sum.0, %for.body ], [
> %nested_for_sum.2, %for.inc8 ]
> > +  %cmp2 = icmp slt i32 %j.0, %s
> > +  br i1 %cmp2, label %for.body3, label %for.end10
> > +; USE: br i1 %cmp2, label %for.body3, label %for.end10
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_FOR_COND1:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +for.body3:
> > +; GEN: for.body3:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  br label %for.cond4
> > +
> > +for.cond4:
> > +; GEN: for.cond4:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %k.0 = phi i32 [ 0, %for.body3 ], [ %inc7, %for.inc ]
> > +  %nested_for_sum.2 = phi i32 [ %nested_for_sum.1, %for.body3 ], [
> %inc, %for.inc ]
> > +  %cmp5 = icmp slt i32 %k.0, %t
> > +  br i1 %cmp5, label %for.body6, label %for.end
> > +; USE: br i1 %cmp5, label %for.body6, label %for.end
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_FOR_COND4:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +for.body6:
> > +; GEN: for.body6:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %inc = add nsw i32 %nested_for_sum.2, 1
> > +  br label %for.inc
> > +
> > +for.inc:
> > +; GEN: for.inc:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([15 x i8], [15 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_nested_for, i32 0, i32 0),
> i64 74483645111, i32 4, i32 0)
> > +  %inc7 = add nsw i32 %k.0, 1
> > +  br label %for.cond4
> > +
> > +for.end:
> > +; GEN: for.end:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  br label %for.inc8
> > +
> > +for.inc8:
> > +; GEN: for.inc8:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([15 x i8], [15 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_nested_for, i32 0, i32 0),
> i64 74483645111, i32 4, i32 1)
> > +  %inc9 = add nsw i32 %j.0, 1
> > +  br label %for.cond1
> > +
> > +for.end10:
> > +; GEN: for.end10:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  br label %for.inc11
> > +
> > +for.inc11:
> > +; GEN: for.inc11:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([15 x i8], [15 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_nested_for, i32 0, i32 0),
> i64 74483645111, i32 4, i32 2)
> > +  %inc12 = add nsw i32 %i.0, 1
> > +  br label %for.cond
> > +
> > +for.end13:
> > +; GEN: for.end13:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([15 x i8], [15 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_nested_for, i32 0, i32 0),
> i64 74483645111, i32 4, i32 3)
> > +  ret i32 %nested_for_sum.0
> > +}
> > +
> > +; USE: ![[BW_FOR_COND]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 10, i32 6}
> > +; USE: ![[BW_FOR_COND1]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 33, i32 10}
> > +; USE: ![[BW_FOR_COND4]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 186, i32 33}
> > +
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/loop1.ll
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/loop1.ll
> > @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-gen -S | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GEN
> > +; RUN: llvm-profdata merge %S/Inputs/loop1.proftext -o %T/loop1.profdata
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-use -pgo-test-profile-file=%T/loop1.profdata
> -S | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=USE
> > +target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
> > +target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
> > +
> > +; GEN: @__llvm_profile_name_test_simple_for = private constant [15 x
> i8] c"test_simple_for"
> > +
> > +define i32 @test_simple_for(i32 %n) {
> > +entry:
> > +; GEN: entry:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  br label %for.cond
> > +
> > +for.cond:
> > +; GEN: for.cond:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %i = phi i32 [ 0, %entry ], [ %inc1, %for.inc ]
> > +  %sum = phi i32 [ 1, %entry ], [ %inc, %for.inc ]
> > +  %cmp = icmp slt i32 %i, %n
> > +  br i1 %cmp, label %for.body, label %for.end
> > +; USE: br i1 %cmp, label %for.body, label %for.end
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_FOR_COND:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +for.body:
> > +; GEN: for.body:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %inc = add nsw i32 %sum, 1
> > +  br label %for.inc
> > +
> > +for.inc:
> > +; GEN: for.inc:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([15 x i8], [15 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_simple_for, i32 0, i32 0),
> i64 34137660316, i32 2, i32 0)
> > +  %inc1 = add nsw i32 %i, 1
> > +  br label %for.cond
> > +
> > +for.end:
> > +; GEN: for.end:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([15 x i8], [15 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_simple_for, i32 0, i32 0),
> i64 34137660316, i32 2, i32 1)
> > +  ret i32 %sum
> > +}
> > +
> > +; USE: ![[BW_FOR_COND]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 96, i32 4}
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/landingpad.ll
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/landingpad.ll
> > @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-gen -S | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GEN
> > +; RUN: llvm-profdata merge %S/Inputs/landingpad.proftext -o
> %T/landingpad.profdata
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-use
> -pgo-test-profile-file=%T/landingpad.profdata -S | FileCheck %s
> --check-prefix=USE
> > +target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
> > +target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
> > +
> > + at val = global i32 0, align 4
> > + at _ZTIi = external constant i8*
> > +; GEN: @__llvm_profile_name_bar = private constant [3 x i8] c"bar"
> > +; GEN: @__llvm_profile_name_foo = private constant [3 x i8] c"foo"
> > +
> > +define i32 @bar(i32 %i) {
> > +entry:
> > +; GEN: entry:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %rem = srem i32 %i, 3
> > +  %tobool = icmp ne i32 %rem, 0
> > +  br i1 %tobool, label %if.then, label %if.end
> > +; USE: br i1 %tobool, label %if.then, label %if.end
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_BAR_ENTRY:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +if.then:
> > +; GEN: if.then:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_bar, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 24868915205, i32 2, i32 1)
> > +  %exception = call i8* @__cxa_allocate_exception(i64 4)
> > +  %tmp = bitcast i8* %exception to i32*
> > +  store i32 %i, i32* %tmp, align 16
> > +  call void @__cxa_throw(i8* %exception, i8* bitcast (i8** @_ZTIi to
> i8*), i8* null)
> > +  unreachable
> > +
> > +if.end:
> > +; GEN: if.end:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_bar, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 24868915205, i32 2, i32 0)
> > +  ret i32 0
> > +}
> > +
> > +declare i8* @__cxa_allocate_exception(i64)
> > +
> > +declare void @__cxa_throw(i8*, i8*, i8*)
> > +
> > +define i32 @foo(i32 %i) personality i8* bitcast (i32 (...)*
> @__gxx_personality_v0 to i8*) {
> > +entry:
> > +; GEN: entry:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %rem = srem i32 %i, 2
> > +  %tobool = icmp ne i32 %rem, 0
> > +  br i1 %tobool, label %if.then, label %if.end
> > +; USE: br i1 %tobool, label %if.then, label %if.end
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_FOO_ENTRY:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +if.then:
> > +; GEN: if.then:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %mul = mul nsw i32 %i, 7
> > +  %call = invoke i32 @bar(i32 %mul)
> > +          to label %invoke.cont unwind label %lpad
> > +
> > +invoke.cont:
> > +; GEN: invoke.cont:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_foo, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 59130013419, i32 4, i32 1)
> > +  br label %if.end
> > +
> > +lpad:
> > +; GEN: lpad:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %tmp = landingpad { i8*, i32 }
> > +          catch i8* bitcast (i8** @_ZTIi to i8*)
> > +  %tmp1 = extractvalue { i8*, i32 } %tmp, 0
> > +  %tmp2 = extractvalue { i8*, i32 } %tmp, 1
> > +  br label %catch.dispatch
> > +
> > +catch.dispatch:
> > +; GEN: catch.dispatch:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %tmp3 = call i32 @llvm.eh.typeid.for(i8* bitcast (i8** @_ZTIi to i8*))
> > +  %matches = icmp eq i32 %tmp2, %tmp3
> > +  br i1 %matches, label %catch, label %eh.resume
> > +; USE: br i1 %matches, label %catch, label %eh.resume
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_CATCH_DISPATCH:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +catch:
> > +; GEN: catch:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_foo, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 59130013419, i32 4, i32 2)
> > +  %tmp4 = call i8* @__cxa_begin_catch(i8* %tmp1)
> > +  %tmp5 = bitcast i8* %tmp4 to i32*
> > +  %tmp6 = load i32, i32* %tmp5, align 4
> > +  %tmp7 = load i32, i32* @val, align 4
> > +  %sub = sub nsw i32 %tmp7, %tmp6
> > +  store i32 %sub, i32* @val, align 4
> > +  call void @__cxa_end_catch()
> > +  br label %try.cont
> > +
> > +try.cont:
> > +; GEN: try.cont:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  ret i32 -1
> > +
> > +if.end:
> > +; GEN: if.end:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_foo, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 59130013419, i32 4, i32 0)
> > +  %tmp8 = load i32, i32* @val, align 4
> > +  %add = add nsw i32 %tmp8, %i
> > +  store i32 %add, i32* @val, align 4
> > +  br label %try.cont
> > +
> > +eh.resume:
> > +; GEN: eh.resume:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_foo, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 59130013419, i32 4, i32 3)
> > +  %lpad.val = insertvalue { i8*, i32 } undef, i8* %tmp1, 0
> > +  %lpad.val3 = insertvalue { i8*, i32 } %lpad.val, i32 %tmp2, 1
> > +  resume { i8*, i32 } %lpad.val3
> > +}
> > +
> > +declare i32 @__gxx_personality_v0(...)
> > +
> > +declare i32 @llvm.eh.typeid.for(i8*)
> > +
> > +declare i8* @__cxa_begin_catch(i8*)
> > +
> > +declare void @__cxa_end_catch()
> > +
> > +; USE: ![[BW_BAR_ENTRY]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 2, i32 1}
> > +; USE: ![[BW_FOO_ENTRY]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 3, i32 2}
> > +; USE: ![[BW_CATCH_DISPATCH]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 2, i32 0}
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/criticaledge.ll
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/criticaledge.ll
> > @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-gen -S | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GEN
> > +; RUN: llvm-profdata merge %S/Inputs/criticaledge.proftext -o
> %T/criticaledge.profdata
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-use
> -pgo-test-profile-file=%T/criticaledge.profdata -S | FileCheck %s
> --check-prefix=USE
> > +target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
> > +target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
> > +
> > +; GEN: @__llvm_profile_name_test_criticalEdge = private constant [17 x
> i8] c"test_criticalEdge"
> > +; GEN: @"__llvm_profile_name_<stdin>:bar" = private constant [11 x i8]
> c"<stdin>:bar"
> > +
> > +define i32 @test_criticalEdge(i32 %i, i32 %j) {
> > +entry:
> > +; CHECK: entry:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  switch i32 %i, label %sw.default [
> > +    i32 1, label %sw.bb
> > +    i32 2, label %sw.bb1
> > +    i32 3, label %sw.bb2
> > +    i32 4, label %sw.bb2
> > +; CHECK:    i32 3, label %entry.sw.bb2_crit_edge
> > +; CHECK:    i32 4, label %entry.sw.bb2_crit_edge1
> > +    i32 5, label %sw.bb2
> > +  ]
> > +; USE: ]
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_SWITCH:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +; CHECK: entry.sw.bb2_crit_edge1:
> > +; GEN:   call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_criticalEdge, i32 0, i32
> 0), i64 82323253069, i32 8, i32 1)
> > +; CHECK:   br label %sw.bb2
> > +
> > +; CHECK: entry.sw.bb2_crit_edge:
> > +; GEN:   call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_criticalEdge, i32 0, i32
> 0), i64 82323253069, i32 8, i32 0)
> > +; CHECK:   br label %sw.bb2
> > +
> > +sw.bb:
> > +; GEN: sw.bb:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_criticalEdge, i32 0, i32
> 0), i64 82323253069, i32 8, i32 5)
> > +  %call = call i32 @bar(i32 2)
> > +  br label %sw.epilog
> > +
> > +sw.bb1:
> > +; GEN: sw.bb1:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_criticalEdge, i32 0, i32
> 0), i64 82323253069, i32 8, i32 4)
> > +  %call2 = call i32 @bar(i32 1024)
> > +  br label %sw.epilog
> > +
> > +sw.bb2:
> > +; GEN: sw.bb2:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %cmp = icmp eq i32 %j, 2
> > +  br i1 %cmp, label %if.then, label %if.end
> > +; USE: br i1 %cmp, label %if.then, label %if.end
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_SW_BB2:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +if.then:
> > +; GEN: if.then:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_criticalEdge, i32 0, i32
> 0), i64 82323253069, i32 8, i32 2)
> > +  %call4 = call i32 @bar(i32 4)
> > +  br label %return
> > +
> > +if.end:
> > +; GEN: if.end:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_criticalEdge, i32 0, i32
> 0), i64 82323253069, i32 8, i32 3)
> > +  %call5 = call i32 @bar(i32 8)
> > +  br label %sw.epilog
> > +
> > +sw.default:
> > +; GEN: sw.default:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %call6 = call i32 @bar(i32 32)
> > +  %cmp7 = icmp sgt i32 %j, 10
> > +  br i1 %cmp7, label %if.then8, label %if.end9
> > +; USE: br i1 %cmp7, label %if.then8, label %if.end9
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_SW_DEFAULT:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +if.then8:
> > +; GEN: if.then8:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_criticalEdge, i32 0, i32
> 0), i64 82323253069, i32 8, i32 7)
> > +  %add = add nsw i32 %call6, 10
> > +  br label %if.end9
> > +
> > +if.end9:
> > +; GEN: if.end9:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_criticalEdge, i32 0, i32
> 0), i64 82323253069, i32 8, i32 6)
> > +  %res.0 = phi i32 [ %add, %if.then8 ], [ %call6, %sw.default ]
> > +  br label %sw.epilog
> > +
> > +sw.epilog:
> > +; GEN: sw.epilog:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %res.1 = phi i32 [ %res.0, %if.end9 ], [ %call5, %if.end ], [ %call2,
> %sw.bb1 ], [ %call, %sw.bb ]
> > +  br label %return
> > +
> > +return:
> > +; GEN: return:
> > +; GEN-NOT: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %retval = phi i32 [ %res.1, %sw.epilog ], [ %call4, %if.then ]
> > +  ret i32 %retval
> > +}
> > +
> > +define internal i32 @bar(i32 %i) {
> > +entry:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([11 x i8], [11 x i8]* @"__llvm_profile_name_<stdin>:bar", i32 0, i32 0),
> i64 12884901887, i32 1, i32 0)
> > +  ret i32 %i
> > +}
> > +
> > +; USE: ![[BW_SWITCH]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 2, i32 1, i32 0, i32
> 2, i32 1, i32 1}
> > +; USE: ![[BW_SW_BB2]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 2, i32 2}
> > +; USE: ![[BW_SW_DEFAULT]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 1, i32 1}
> > +
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/checksum_mismatch.ll
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/checksum_mismatch.ll
> > @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
> > +; RUN: llvm-profdata merge %S/Inputs/single_bb.proftext -o
> %T/single_bb.profdata
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-use
> -pgo-test-profile-file=%T/single_bb.profdata -S 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
> > +
> > +; CHECK: Function control flow change detected (hash mismatch) single_bb
> > +; CHECK: No profile data available for function uncalled
> > +
> > +target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
> > +target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
> > +
> > +define i32 @single_bb() {
> > +entry:
> > +  ret i32 0
> > +}
> > +
> > +define i32 @uncalled(i32 %i, i32 %j) {
> > +  %mul = mul nsw i32 %i, %j
> > +  ret i32 %mul
> > +}
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/branch2.ll
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/branch2.ll
> > @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-gen -S | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GEN
> > +; RUN: llvm-profdata merge %S/Inputs/branch2.proftext -o
> %T/branch2.profdata
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-use
> -pgo-test-profile-file=%T/branch2.profdata -S | FileCheck %s
> --check-prefix=USE
> > +target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
> > +target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
> > +
> > +; GEN: @__llvm_profile_name_test_br_2 = private constant [9 x i8]
> c"test_br_2"
> > +
> > +define i32 @test_br_2(i32 %i) {
> > +entry:
> > +; GEN: entry:
> > +; GEN-NOT: llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %cmp = icmp sgt i32 %i, 0
> > +  br i1 %cmp, label %if.then, label %if.else
> > +; USE: br i1 %cmp, label %if.then, label %if.else
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_ENTRY:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +if.then:
> > +; GEN: if.then:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([9 x i8], [9 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_br_2, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 29667547796, i32 2, i32 0)
> > +  %add = add nsw i32 %i, 2
> > +  br label %if.end
> > +
> > +if.else:
> > +; GEN: if.else:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([9 x i8], [9 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_br_2, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 29667547796, i32 2, i32 1)
> > +  %sub = sub nsw i32 %i, 2
> > +  br label %if.end
> > +
> > +if.end:
> > +; GEN: if.end:
> > +; GEN-NOT: llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %retv = phi i32 [ %add, %if.then ], [ %sub, %if.else ]
> > +  ret i32 %retv
> > +; GEN: ret
> > +}
> > +
> > +; USE: ![[BW_ENTRY]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 1, i32 1}
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/branch1.ll
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/branch1.ll
> > @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-gen -S | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GEN
> > +; RUN: llvm-profdata merge %S/Inputs/branch1.proftext -o
> %T/branch1.profdata
> > +; RUN: opt < %s -pgo-instr-use
> -pgo-test-profile-file=%T/branch1.profdata -S | FileCheck %s
> --check-prefix=USE
> > +target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
> > +target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
> > +
> > +; GEN: @__llvm_profile_name_test_br_1 = private constant [9 x i8]
> c"test_br_1"
> > +
> > +define i32 @test_br_1(i32 %i) {
> > +entry:
> > +; GEN: entry:
> > +; GEN-NOT: llvm.instrprof.increment
> > +  %cmp = icmp sgt i32 %i, 0
> > +  br i1 %cmp, label %if.then, label %if.end
> > +; USE: br i1 %cmp, label %if.then, label %if.end
> > +; USE-SAME: !prof ![[BW_ENTRY:[0-9]+]]
> > +
> > +if.then:
> > +; GEN: if.then:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([9 x i8], [9 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_br_1, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 25571299074, i32 2, i32 1)
> > +  %add = add nsw i32 %i, 2
> > +  br label %if.end
> > +
> > +if.end:
> > +; GEN: if.end:
> > +; GEN: call void @llvm.instrprof.increment(i8* getelementptr inbounds
> ([9 x i8], [9 x i8]* @__llvm_profile_name_test_br_1, i32 0, i32 0), i64
> 25571299074, i32 2, i32 0)
> > +  %retv = phi i32 [ %add, %if.then ], [ %i, %entry ]
> > +  ret i32 %retv
> > +}
> > +
> > +; USE: ![[BW_ENTRY]] = !{!"branch_weights", i32 2, i32 1}
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/switch.proftext
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/switch.proftext
> > @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
> > +test_switch
> > +46200943743
> > +4
> > +0
> > +5
> > +2
> > +3
> > +
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/single_bb.proftext
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/single_bb.proftext
> > @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
> > +single_bb
> > +12884999999
> > +1
> > +1
> > +
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/loop2.proftext
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/loop2.proftext
> > @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
> > +test_nested_for
> > +74483645111
> > +4
> > +186
> > +33
> > +10
> > +6
> > +
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/loop1.proftext
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/loop1.proftext
> > @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
> > +test_simple_for
> > +34137660316
> > +2
> > +96
> > +4
> > +
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/landingpad.proftext
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/landingpad.proftext
> > @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
> > +foo
> > +59130013419
> > +4
> > +3
> > +1
> > +2
> > +0
> > +
> > +bar
> > +24868915205
> > +2
> > +1
> > +2
> > +
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/criticaledge.proftext
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/criticaledge.proftext
> > @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
> > +test_criticalEdge
> > +82323253069
> > +8
> > +2
> > +1
> > +2
> > +2
> > +0
> > +1
> > +2
> > +1
> > +
> > +<stdin>:bar
> > +12884901887
> > +1
> > +7
> > +
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/branch2.proftext
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/branch2.proftext
> > @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
> > +test_br_2
> > +29667547796
> > +2
> > +1
> > +1
> > +
> > Index: test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/branch1.proftext
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ test/Transforms/PGOProfile/Inputs/branch1.proftext
> > @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
> > +test_br_1
> > +25571299074
> > +2
> > +3
> > +2
> > +
> > Index: lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/PGOInstrumentation.cpp
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/PGOInstrumentation.cpp
> > @@ -0,0 +1,721 @@
> > +//===-- PGOInstru.cpp - PGO Instrumentation
> -------------------------------===//
>
> This should match the filename (PGOInstrumentation.cpp). I might even go
> so far as to say "MST-based PGO instrumentation" or something like that
> in the top comment, just to differentiate it from the frontend
> instrumentation.
>

OK. will do


>
> > +//
> > +//                      The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
> > +//
> > +// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
> > +// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
> > +//
> >
> +//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
> > +//
> > +// This file implements PGO instrumentation using a minimum spanning
> tree based
> > +// on the following paper:
> > +//   [1] Donald E. Knuth, Francis R. Stevenson. Optimal measurement of
> points
> > +//   for program frequency counts. BIT Numerical Mathematics 1973,
> Volume 13,
> > +//   Issue 3, pp 313-322
> > +// The idea of the algorithm based on the fact that for each node
> (except for
> > +// the entry and exit), the sum of incoming edge counts equals the sum
> of
> > +// outgoing edge counts. The count of edge on spanning tree can be
> derived from
> > +// those edges not on the spanning tree. Knuth proves this method
> instruments
> > +// the minimum number of edges.
> > +//
> > +// The minimal spanning tree here is actually a maximum weight tree --
> on-tree
> > +// edges have higher frequencies (more likely to execute). The idea is
> to
> > +// instrument those less frequently executed edges to reduce the runtime
> > +// overhead of instrumented binaries.
> > +//
> > +// This file contains two passes:
> > +// (1) Pass PGOInstrumentationGen which instruments the IR to generate
> edge
> > +// count profile, and
> > +// (2) Pass PGOInstrumentationUse which reads the edge count profile and
> > +// annotates the branch weights.
> > +// To get the precise counter information, These two passes need to
> invoke at
> > +// the same compilation point (so they see the same IR). For pass
> > +// PGOInstrumentationGen, the real work is done in instrumentOneFunc().
> For
> > +// pass PGOInstrumentationUse, the real work in done in class
> PGOUseFunc and
> > +// the profile is opened in module level and passed to each PGOUseFunc
> instance.
> > +// The shared code for PGOInstrumentationGen and PGOInstrumentationUse
> is put
> > +// in class FuncPGOInstrumentation.
> > +//
> > +// Class PGOEdge represents a CFG edge and some auxiliary information.
> Class
> > +// BBInfo contains auxiliary information for each BB. These two classes
> are used
> > +// in pass PGOInstrumentationGen. Class PGOUseEdge and UseBBInfo are
> the derived
> > +// class of PGOEdge and BBInfo, respectively. They contains extra data
> structure
> > +// used in populating profile counters.
> > +// The MST implementation is in Class CFGMST (CFGMST.h).
> > +//
> >
> +//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
> > +
> > +#include "llvm/Transforms/Instrumentation.h"
> > +#include "CFGMST.h"
> > +#include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
> > +#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
> > +#include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Analysis/BlockFrequencyInfo.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Analysis/BranchProbabilityInfo.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Analysis/CFG.h"
> > +#include "llvm/IR/DiagnosticInfo.h"
> > +#include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
> > +#include "llvm/IR/InstIterator.h"
> > +#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
> > +#include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h"
> > +#include "llvm/IR/MDBuilder.h"
> > +#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Pass.h"
> > +#include "llvm/ProfileData/InstrProfReader.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Support/BranchProbability.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Support/JamCRC.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h"
> > +#include <string>
> > +#include <utility>
> > +#include <vector>
> > +
> > +using namespace llvm;
> > +
> > +#define DEBUG_TYPE "pgo-instr"
>
> It's probably more discoverable to use "pgo-instrumentation" to match
> the filename.
>
> > +
> > +STATISTIC(NumOfPGOInstrument, "Number of edges instrumented.");
> > +STATISTIC(NumOfPGOEdge, "Number of edges.");
> > +STATISTIC(NumOfPGOBB, "Number of basic-blocks.");
> > +STATISTIC(NumOfPGOSplit, "Number of critical edge splits.");
> > +STATISTIC(NumOfPGOFunc, "Number of functions having valid profile
> counts.");
> > +STATISTIC(NumOfPGOMismatch, "Number of functions having mismatch
> profile.");
> > +STATISTIC(NumOfPGOMissing, "Number of functions without profile.");
> > +
> > +// Command line option to specify the file to read profile from. This is
> > +// mainly used for testing.
> > +static cl::opt<std::string>
> > +    PGOProfileFile("pgo-test-profile-file", cl::init(""), cl::Hidden,
> > +                   cl::value_desc("filename"),
> > +                   cl::desc("Specify the path of profile data file.
> This is"
> > +                            "mainly for test purpose."));
> > +
> > +namespace {
> > +class PGOInstrumentationGen : public ModulePass {
> > +public:
> > +  static char ID;
> > +
> > +  PGOInstrumentationGen() : ModulePass(ID) {
> > +
> initializePGOInstrumentationGenPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  const char *getPassName() const override {
> > +    return "PGOInstrumentationGenPass";
> > +  }
> > +
> > +private:
> > +  bool runOnModule(Module &M) override;
> > +
> > +  void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
> > +    AU.addRequired<BlockFrequencyInfoWrapperPass>();
> > +    AU.addRequired<BranchProbabilityInfoWrapperPass>();
> > +  }
> > +};
> > +
> > +class PGOInstrumentationUse : public ModulePass {
> > +public:
> > +  static char ID;
> > +
> > +  // Provide the profile filename as the parameter.
> > +  PGOInstrumentationUse(StringRef Filename = StringRef(""))
>
> StringRef seems like a poor argument type here, since it isn't clear
> that the string needs to outlive the class.
>

I'll switch to a string.


>
> > +      : ModulePass(ID), ProfileFileName(Filename) {
> > +    if (!PGOProfileFile.empty())
> > +      ProfileFileName = StringRef(PGOProfileFile);
> > +
> initializePGOInstrumentationUsePass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  const char *getPassName() const override {
> > +    return "PGOInstrumentationUsePass";
> > +  }
> > +
> > +private:
> > +  StringRef ProfileFileName;
> > +  std::unique_ptr<IndexedInstrProfReader> PGOReader;
> > +  bool runOnModule(Module &M) override;
> > +
> > +  void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
> > +    AU.addRequired<BlockFrequencyInfoWrapperPass>();
> > +    AU.addRequired<BranchProbabilityInfoWrapperPass>();
> > +  }
> > +};
> > +} // end anonymous namespace
> > +
> > +char PGOInstrumentationGen::ID = 0;
> > +INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(PGOInstrumentationGen, "pgo-instr-gen",
> > +                      "PGO instrumentation.", false, false)
> > +INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(BlockFrequencyInfoWrapperPass)
> > +INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(BranchProbabilityInfoWrapperPass)
> > +INITIALIZE_PASS_END(PGOInstrumentationGen, "pgo-instr-gen",
> > +                    "PGO instrumentation.", false, false)
> > +
> > +ModulePass *llvm::createPGOInstrumentationGenPass() {
> > +  return new PGOInstrumentationGen();
> > +}
> > +
> > +char PGOInstrumentationUse::ID = 0;
> > +INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(PGOInstrumentationUse, "pgo-instr-use",
> > +                      "Read PGO instrumentation profile.", false, false)
> > +INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(BlockFrequencyInfoWrapperPass)
> > +INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(BranchProbabilityInfoWrapperPass)
> > +INITIALIZE_PASS_END(PGOInstrumentationUse, "pgo-instr-use",
> > +                    "Read PGO instrumentation profile.", false, false)
> > +
> > +ModulePass *llvm::createPGOInstrumentationUsePass(StringRef Filename) {
> > +  return new PGOInstrumentationUse(Filename);
> > +}
> > +
> > +namespace {
> > +/// \brief An MST based instrumentation for PGO
> > +///
> > +/// Implements a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) based instrumentation for
> PGO
> > +/// in the function level.
> > +//
> > +// This class implements the CFG edges. Note the CFG can be a
> multi-graph.
>
> This seems to switch from a doc-comment to a regular comment halfway
> through.
>
> > +struct PGOEdge {
> > +  const BasicBlock *SrcBB;
> > +  const BasicBlock *DestBB;
> > +  uint64_t Weight;
> > +  bool InMST;
> > +  bool Removed;
> > +  bool IsCritical;
> > +  PGOEdge(const BasicBlock *Src, const BasicBlock *Dest, unsigned W = 1)
> > +      : SrcBB(Src), DestBB(Dest), Weight(W), InMST(false),
> Removed(false),
> > +        IsCritical(false) {}
> > +  // Return the information string of an edge.
> > +  const std::string infoString() const {
> > +    std::string Str = (Removed ? "-" : " ");
> > +    Str += (InMST ? " " : "*");
> > +    Str += (IsCritical ? "c" : " ");
> > +    Str += "  W=" + std::to_string(Weight);
>
> ISTR that std::to_string isn't available in all of the standard
> libraries we support, so this might fail on some of the bots as is.
>

Thanks for points this ok. Maybe I should use sprintf.


>
> > +    return Str;
> > +  }
> > +};
> > +
> > +// This class stores the auxiliary information for each BB.
> > +struct BBInfo {
> > +  BBInfo *Group;
> > +  uint32_t Index;
> > +  uint32_t Rank;
> > +
> > +  BBInfo(unsigned IX) : Group(this), Index(IX), Rank(0) {}
> > +
> > +  // Return the information string of this object.
> > +  const std::string infoString() const {
> > +    return "Index=" + std::to_string(Index);
> > +  }
> > +};
> > +
> > +// This class implements the CFG edges. Note the CFG can be a
> multi-graph.
> > +template <class Edge, class BBInfo> class FuncPGOInstrumentation {
> > +private:
> > +  Function &F;
> > +  void computeCFGHash();
> > +
> > +public:
> > +  std::string FuncName;
> > +  GlobalVariable *FuncNameVar;
> > +  // CFG hash value for this function.
> > +  uint64_t FunctionHash;
> > +
> > +  // The Minimum Spanning Tree of function CFG.
> > +  CFGMST<Edge, BBInfo> MST;
> > +
> > +  // Give an edge, find the BB that will be instrumented.
> > +  // Return nullptr if there is no BB to be instrumented.
> > +  BasicBlock *getInstrBB(Edge *E);
> > +
> > +  // Return the auxiliary BB information.
> > +  BBInfo &getBBInfo(const BasicBlock *BB) const { return
> MST.getBBInfo(BB); }
> > +
> > +  // Dump edges and BB information.
> > +  void dumpInfo(std::string Str = "") const {
> > +    std::string Message = "Dump Function " + FuncName + " Hash: " +
> > +                          std::to_string(FunctionHash) + "\t" + Str;
> > +    MST.dumpEdges(dbgs(), Message);
>
> Would it make more sense for dumpEdges to take a Twine?
>
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  FuncPGOInstrumentation(Function &Func, bool CreateGlobalVar = false,
> > +                         BranchProbabilityInfo *BPI_ = nullptr,
> > +                         BlockFrequencyInfo *BFI_ = nullptr)
> > +      : F(Func), FunctionHash(0), MST(F, BPI_, BFI_) {
>
> No need for underscores in BPI_ and BFI_ - the shadowing is unambiguous.
>
> > +    FuncName = getPGOFuncName(F);
> > +    computeCFGHash();
> > +    DEBUG(dumpInfo("after CFGMST"));
> > +
> > +    NumOfPGOBB += MST.BBInfos.size();
> > +    for (auto &Ei : MST.AllEdges) {
>
> Why "Ei"? "E" for edge would be more typical.
>
> > +      if (Ei->Removed)
> > +        continue;
> > +      NumOfPGOEdge++;
> > +      if (!Ei->InMST)
> > +        NumOfPGOInstrument++;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    if (CreateGlobalVar)
> > +      FuncNameVar = createPGOFuncNameVar(F, FuncName);
> > +  };
> > +};
> > +
> > +// Compute Hash value for the CFG: the lower 32 bits are CRC32 of the
> index
> > +// value of each BB in the CFG. The higher 32 bits record the number of
> edges.
> > +template <class Edge, class BBInfo>
> > +void FuncPGOInstrumentation<Edge, BBInfo>::computeCFGHash() {
> > +  std::vector<char> Indexes;
> > +  JamCRC JC;
> > +  for (auto &BB : F) {
> > +    const TerminatorInst *TI = BB.getTerminator();
> > +    for (unsigned s = 0, e = TI->getNumSuccessors(); s != e; ++s) {
> > +      BasicBlock *Succ = TI->getSuccessor(s);
> > +      uint32_t Index = getBBInfo(Succ).Index;
> > +      for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
> > +        Indexes.push_back((char)(Index >> (i * 8)));
> > +    }
> > +  }
> > +  JC.update(Indexes);
> > +  FunctionHash = (uint64_t)MST.AllEdges.size() << 32 | JC.getCRC();
> > +}
> > +
> > +template <class Edge, class BBInfo>
> > +BasicBlock *FuncPGOInstrumentation<Edge, BBInfo>::getInstrBB(Edge *E) {
> > +  if (E->InMST || E->Removed)
> > +    return nullptr;
> > +
> > +  BasicBlock *SrcBB = const_cast<BasicBlock *>(E->SrcBB);
> > +  BasicBlock *DestBB = const_cast<BasicBlock *>(E->DestBB);
> > +  // For a fake edge, instrument the real BB.
> > +  if (SrcBB == nullptr)
> > +    return DestBB;
> > +  if (DestBB == nullptr)
> > +    return SrcBB;
> > +
> > +  // Instrument the SrcBB if it has a single successor,
> > +  // otherwise, the DestBB if this is not a critical edge.
> > +  TerminatorInst *TI = SrcBB->getTerminator();
> > +  if (TI->getNumSuccessors() <= 1)
> > +    return SrcBB;
> > +  if (!E->IsCritical)
> > +    return DestBB;
> > +
> > +  // For a critical edge, we have to split. Instrument the newly
> > +  // created BB.
> > +  NumOfPGOSplit++;
> > +  DEBUG(dbgs() << "Split critical edge: " << getBBInfo(SrcBB).Index <<
> " --> "
> > +               << getBBInfo(DestBB).Index << "\n");
> > +  unsigned SuccNum = GetSuccessorNumber(SrcBB, DestBB);
> > +  BasicBlock *InstrBB = SplitCriticalEdge(TI, SuccNum);
> > +  assert(InstrBB && "Critical edge is not split");
> > +
> > +  E->Removed = true;
> > +  return InstrBB;
> > +}
> > +
> > +// Visit all edge and instrument the edges not in MST.
> > +// Critical edges will be split.
> > +static void instrumentOneFunc(Function &F, Module *M,
> > +                              BranchProbabilityInfo *BPI,
> > +                              BlockFrequencyInfo *BFI) {
> > +  unsigned NumCounters = 0;
> > +  FuncPGOInstrumentation<PGOEdge, BBInfo> FuncInfo(F, true, BPI, BFI);
> > +  for (auto &Ei : FuncInfo.MST.AllEdges) {
> > +    if (!Ei->InMST && !Ei->Removed)
> > +      NumCounters++;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  uint32_t j = 0;
>
> The style says this should be a capital J (also, why not I?).
>
> > +  for (auto &Ei : FuncInfo.MST.AllEdges) {
> > +    BasicBlock *InstrBB = FuncInfo.getInstrBB(Ei.get());
> > +    if (!InstrBB)
> > +      continue;
> > +
> > +    IRBuilder<> Builder(InstrBB, InstrBB->getFirstInsertionPt());
> > +    assert(Builder.GetInsertPoint() != InstrBB->end() &&
> > +           "Cannot get the Instrumentation point");
> > +    auto *I8PtrTy = Type::getInt8PtrTy(M->getContext());
>
> Not worth using auto here, `Type` is the same number of characters.
>
> > +    Builder.CreateCall(
> > +        Intrinsic::getDeclaration(M, Intrinsic::instrprof_increment),
> > +        {llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(FuncInfo.FuncNameVar, I8PtrTy),
> > +         Builder.getInt64(FuncInfo.FunctionHash),
> Builder.getInt32(NumCounters),
> > +         Builder.getInt32(j++)});
> > +  }
> > +}
> > +
> > +struct PGOUseEdge : public PGOEdge {
> > +  bool CountValid;
> > +  uint64_t CountValue;
> > +  PGOUseEdge(const BasicBlock *Src, const BasicBlock *Dest, unsigned W
> = 1)
> > +      : PGOEdge(Src, Dest, W), CountValid(false), CountValue(0) {}
> > +
> > +  // Set edge count value
> > +  void setEdgeCount(uint64_t Value) {
> > +    CountValue = Value;
> > +    CountValid = true;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  // Return the information string for this object.
> > +  const std::string infoString() const {
> > +    if (!CountValid)
> > +      return PGOEdge::infoString();
> > +    return PGOEdge::infoString() + "  Count=" +
> std::to_string(CountValue);
> > +  }
> > +};
> > +
> > +typedef SmallVector<PGOUseEdge *, 2> DirectEdges;
> > +
> > +// This class stores the auxiliary information for each BB.
> > +struct UseBBInfo : public BBInfo {
> > +  uint64_t CountValue;
> > +  bool CountValid;
> > +  int32_t UnknownCountInEdge;
> > +  int32_t UnknownCountOutEdge;
> > +  DirectEdges InEdges;
> > +  DirectEdges OutEdges;
> > +  UseBBInfo(unsigned IX)
> > +      : BBInfo(IX), CountValue(0), CountValid(false),
> UnknownCountInEdge(0),
> > +        UnknownCountOutEdge(0) {}
> > +  UseBBInfo(unsigned IX, uint64_t C)
> > +      : BBInfo(IX), CountValue(C), CountValid(true),
> UnknownCountInEdge(0),
> > +        UnknownCountOutEdge(0) {}
> > +
> > +  // Set the profile count value for this BB.
> > +  void setBBInfoCount(uint64_t Value) {
> > +    CountValue = Value;
> > +    CountValid = true;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  // Return the information string of this object.
> > +  const std::string infoString() const {
> > +    if (!CountValid)
> > +      return BBInfo::infoString();
> > +    return BBInfo::infoString() + "  Count=" +
> std::to_string(CountValue);
> > +  }
> > +};
> > +
> > +// Sum up the count values for all the edges.
> > +static uint64_t sumEdgeCount(const ArrayRef<PGOUseEdge *> Edges) {
> > +  uint64_t Total = 0;
> > +  for (auto &Ei : Edges) {
> > +    if (Ei->Removed)
> > +      continue;
> > +    Total += Ei->CountValue;
> > +  }
> > +  return Total;
> > +}
> > +
> > +class PGOUseFunc {
> > +private:
> > +  Function &F;
> > +  Module *M;
> > +  // This member stores the shared information with class PGOGenFunc.
> > +  FuncPGOInstrumentation<PGOUseEdge, UseBBInfo> FuncInfo;
> > +
> > +  // Return the auxiliary BB information.
> > +  UseBBInfo &getBBInfo(const BasicBlock *BB) const {
> > +    return FuncInfo.getBBInfo(BB);
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  // The maximum count value in the profile. This is only used in PGO
> use
> > +  // compilation.
> > +  uint64_t ProgramMaxCount;
> > +
> > +  // Find the Instrumented BB and set the value.
> > +  void setInstrumentedCounts(const std::vector<uint64_t>
> &CountFromProfile);
> > +
> > +  // Set the edge counter value for the unknown edge -- there should be
> only
> > +  // one unknown edge.
> > +  void setEdgeCount(DirectEdges &Edges, uint64_t Value);
> > +
> > +  // Return FuncName string;
> > +  const std::string getFuncName() const { return FuncInfo.FuncName; }
> > +
> > +  // Set the hot/cold inline hints based on the count values.
> > +  void applyFunctionAttributes(uint64_t EntryCount, uint64_t MaxCount) {
> > +    if (ProgramMaxCount == 0)
> > +      return;
> > +    // Threshold of the hot functions.
> > +    const BranchProbability HotFunctionThreshold(1, 100);
> > +    // Threshold of the cold functions.
> > +    const BranchProbability ColdFunctionThreshold(2, 10000);
> > +    if (EntryCount >= HotFunctionThreshold.scale(ProgramMaxCount))
> > +      F.addFnAttr(llvm::Attribute::InlineHint);
> > +    else if (MaxCount <= ColdFunctionThreshold.scale(ProgramMaxCount))
> > +      F.addFnAttr(llvm::Attribute::Cold);
>
> This is more or less a workaround for limitations of the inliner and
> should eventually be removed in favour of making the inliner smarter,
> correct?
>

This is to mimic what the Clang PGO is doing. Once inliner uses the profile
information. all these should be gone.

>
> > +  }
> > +
> > +public:
> > +  PGOUseFunc(Function &Func, Module *Modu,
> > +             BranchProbabilityInfo *BPI_ = nullptr,
> > +             BlockFrequencyInfo *BFI_ = nullptr)
> > +      : F(Func), M(Modu), FuncInfo(Func, false, BPI_, BFI_) {}
> > +
> > +  // Read counts for the instrumented BB from profile.
> > +  bool readCounters(IndexedInstrProfReader *PGOReader);
> > +
> > +  // Populate the counts for all BBs.
> > +  void populateCounters();
> > +
> > +  // Set the branch weights based on the count values.
> > +  void setBranchWeights();
> > +};
> > +
> > +// Visit all the edges and assign the count value for the instrumented
> > +// edges and the BB.
> > +void PGOUseFunc::setInstrumentedCounts(
> > +    const std::vector<uint64_t> &CountFromProfile) {
> > +
> > +  // Use a worklist as we will update the vector during the iteration.
> > +  std::vector<PGOUseEdge *> WorkList;
> > +  for (auto &Ei : FuncInfo.MST.AllEdges)
> > +    WorkList.push_back(Ei.get());
> > +
> > +  uint32_t j = 0;
> > +  for (auto &Ei : WorkList) {
>
> Same as before: j->J, Ei->E.
>
> > +    BasicBlock *InstrBB = FuncInfo.getInstrBB(Ei);
> > +    if (!InstrBB)
> > +      continue;
> > +    uint64_t CountValue = CountFromProfile[j++];
> > +    if (!Ei->Removed) {
> > +      getBBInfo(InstrBB).setBBInfoCount(CountValue);
> > +      Ei->setEdgeCount(CountValue);
> > +      continue;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    // Need to add two new edges.
> > +    BasicBlock *SrcBB = const_cast<BasicBlock *>(Ei->SrcBB);
> > +    BasicBlock *DestBB = const_cast<BasicBlock *>(Ei->DestBB);
> > +    // Add new edge of SrcBB->InstrBB.
> > +    PGOUseEdge &NewEdge = FuncInfo.MST.addEdge(SrcBB, InstrBB, 0);
> > +    NewEdge.setEdgeCount(CountValue);
> > +    // Add new edge of InstrBB->DestBB.
> > +    PGOUseEdge &NewEdge1 = FuncInfo.MST.addEdge(InstrBB, DestBB, 0);
>
> Why not just reuse the NewEdge variable here?
>

addEdge() returns a reference.  If I use the same variable name, it
overwrites the previous edge rather adding a new edge.


> > +    NewEdge1.setEdgeCount(CountValue);
> > +    NewEdge1.InMST = true;
> > +    getBBInfo(InstrBB).setBBInfoCount(CountValue);
> > +  }
> > +}
> > +
> > +// Set the count value for the unknown edge. There should be one and
> only one
> > +// unknown edge in Edges vector.
> > +void PGOUseFunc::setEdgeCount(DirectEdges &Edges, uint64_t Value) {
> > +  for (auto &Ei : Edges) {
> > +    if (Ei->CountValid)
> > +      continue;
> > +    Ei->setEdgeCount(Value);
> > +
> > +    getBBInfo(Ei->SrcBB).UnknownCountOutEdge--;
> > +    getBBInfo(Ei->DestBB).UnknownCountInEdge--;
> > +    return;
> > +  }
> > +  llvm_unreachable("Cannot find the unknown count edge");
> > +}
> > +
> > +// Read the profile from ProfileFileName and assign the value to the
> > +// instrumented BB and the edges. This function also updates
> ProgramMaxCount.
> > +// Return true if the profile are successfully read, and false on
> errors.
> > +bool PGOUseFunc::readCounters(IndexedInstrProfReader *PGOReader) {
> > +  auto &Ctx = M->getContext();
> > +  ErrorOr<InstrProfRecord> Result =
> > +      PGOReader->getInstrProfRecord(FuncInfo.FuncName,
> FuncInfo.FunctionHash);
> > +  if (std::error_code EC = Result.getError()) {
> > +    if (EC == instrprof_error::unknown_function)
> > +      NumOfPGOMissing++;
> > +    else if (EC == instrprof_error::hash_mismatch ||
> > +             EC == llvm::instrprof_error::malformed)
> > +      NumOfPGOMismatch++;
> > +
> > +    std::string Msg = EC.message() + std::string(" ") +
> F.getName().str();
> > +    Ctx.diagnose(
> > +        DiagnosticInfoPGOProfile(M->getName().data(), Msg, DS_Warning));
> > +    return false;
> > +  }
> > +  std::vector<uint64_t> &CountFromProfile = Result.get().Counts;
> > +
> > +  NumOfPGOFunc++;
> > +  DEBUG(dbgs() << CountFromProfile.size() << " counts\n");
> > +  uint64_t ValueSum = 0;
> > +  for (unsigned i = 0, e = CountFromProfile.size(); i < e; i++) {
> > +    DEBUG(dbgs() << "  " << i << ": " << CountFromProfile[i] << "\n");
> > +    ValueSum += CountFromProfile[i];
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  DEBUG(dbgs() << "SUM =  " << ValueSum << "\n");
> > +
> > +  getBBInfo(nullptr).UnknownCountOutEdge = 2;
> > +  getBBInfo(nullptr).UnknownCountInEdge = 2;
> > +
> > +  setInstrumentedCounts(CountFromProfile);
> > +  ProgramMaxCount = PGOReader->getMaximumFunctionCount();
> > +  return true;
> > +}
> > +
> > +// Populate the counters from instrumented BBs to all BBs.
> > +// In the end of this operation, all BBs should have a valid count
> value.
> > +void PGOUseFunc::populateCounters() {
> > +  // First set up Count variable for all BBs.
> > +  for (auto &Ei : FuncInfo.MST.AllEdges) {
> > +    if (Ei->Removed)
> > +      continue;
> > +
> > +    const BasicBlock *SrcBB = Ei->SrcBB;
> > +    const BasicBlock *DestBB = Ei->DestBB;
> > +    UseBBInfo &SrcInfo = getBBInfo(SrcBB);
> > +    UseBBInfo &DestInfo = getBBInfo(DestBB);
> > +    SrcInfo.OutEdges.push_back(Ei.get());
> > +    DestInfo.InEdges.push_back(Ei.get());
> > +    SrcInfo.UnknownCountOutEdge++;
> > +    DestInfo.UnknownCountInEdge++;
> > +
> > +    if (!Ei->CountValid)
> > +      continue;
> > +    DestInfo.UnknownCountInEdge--;
> > +    SrcInfo.UnknownCountOutEdge--;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  bool Changes = true;
> > +  unsigned NumPasses = 0;
> > +  while (Changes) {
> > +    NumPasses++;
> > +    Changes = false;
> > +
> > +    // For efficient traversal, it's better to start from the end as
> most
> > +    // of the instrumented edges are at the end.
> > +    for (auto &BB : reverse(F)) {
> > +      UseBBInfo &Count = getBBInfo(&BB);
> > +      if (!Count.CountValid) {
> > +        if (Count.UnknownCountOutEdge == 0) {
> > +          Count.CountValue = sumEdgeCount(Count.OutEdges);
> > +          Count.CountValid = true;
> > +          Changes = true;
> > +        } else if (Count.UnknownCountInEdge == 0) {
> > +          Count.CountValue = sumEdgeCount(Count.InEdges);
> > +          Count.CountValid = true;
> > +          Changes = true;
> > +        }
> > +      }
> > +      if (Count.CountValid) {
> > +        if (Count.UnknownCountOutEdge == 1) {
> > +          uint64_t Total = Count.CountValue -
> sumEdgeCount(Count.OutEdges);
> > +          setEdgeCount(Count.OutEdges, Total);
> > +          Changes = true;
> > +        }
> > +        if (Count.UnknownCountInEdge == 1) {
> > +          uint64_t Total = Count.CountValue -
> sumEdgeCount(Count.InEdges);
> > +          setEdgeCount(Count.InEdges, Total);
> > +          Changes = true;
> > +        }
> > +      }
> > +    }
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  DEBUG(dbgs() << "Populate counts in " << NumPasses << " passes.\n");
> > +  // Assert every BB has a valid counter.
> > +  uint64_t FuncEntryCount = getBBInfo(&*F.begin()).CountValue;
> > +  uint64_t FuncMaxCount = FuncEntryCount;
> > +  for (auto &BB : F) {
> > +    assert(getBBInfo(&BB).CountValid && "BB count is not valid");
> > +    uint64_t Count = getBBInfo(&BB).CountValue;
> > +    if (Count > FuncMaxCount)
> > +      FuncMaxCount = Count;
> > +  }
> > +  applyFunctionAttributes(FuncEntryCount, FuncMaxCount);
> > +
> > +  DEBUG(FuncInfo.dumpInfo("after reading profile."));
> > +}
> > +
> > +// Assign the scaled count values to the BB with multiple out edges.
> > +void PGOUseFunc::setBranchWeights() {
> > +  // Generate MD_prof metadata for every branch instruction.
> > +  DEBUG(dbgs() << "\nSetting branch weights.\n");
> > +  MDBuilder MDB(M->getContext());
> > +  for (auto &BB : F) {
> > +    TerminatorInst *TI = BB.getTerminator();
> > +    if (TI->getNumSuccessors() < 2)
> > +      continue;
> > +    if (!isa<BranchInst>(TI) && !isa<SwitchInst>(TI))
> > +      continue;
> > +    if (getBBInfo(&BB).CountValue == 0)
> > +      continue;
> > +
> > +    // We have a non-zero Branch BB.
> > +    const UseBBInfo &BBCountInfo = getBBInfo(&BB);
> > +    unsigned Size = BBCountInfo.OutEdges.size();
> > +    SmallVector<unsigned, 2> EdgeCounts(Size, 0);
> > +    uint64_t MaxCount = 0;
> > +    for (unsigned s = 0; s < Size; s++) {
> > +      const PGOUseEdge *E = BBCountInfo.OutEdges[s];
> > +      const BasicBlock *SrcBB = E->SrcBB;
> > +      const BasicBlock *DestBB = E->DestBB;
> > +      if (DestBB == 0)
> > +        continue;
> > +      unsigned SuccNum = GetSuccessorNumber(SrcBB, DestBB);
> > +      uint64_t EdgeCount = E->CountValue;
> > +      if (EdgeCount > MaxCount)
> > +        MaxCount = EdgeCount;
> > +      EdgeCounts[SuccNum] = EdgeCount;
> > +    }
> > +    assert(MaxCount > 0 && "Bad max count");
> > +    uint64_t Scale = calculateCountScale(MaxCount);
> > +    SmallVector<unsigned, 4> Weights;
> > +    for (const auto &ECI : EdgeCounts)
> > +      Weights.push_back(scaleBranchCount(ECI, Scale));
> > +
> > +    TI->setMetadata(llvm::LLVMContext::MD_prof,
> > +                    MDB.createBranchWeights(Weights));
> > +    DEBUG(dbgs() << "Weight is: "; for (const auto &W
> > +                                        : Weights) dbgs()
> > +                                   << W << " ";
> > +          dbgs() << "\n";);
>
> This is formatted really strangely. It's possible that clang-format
> doesn't know how to deal with this code-in-DEBUG() stuff and you just
> need to format this manually (or file a bug on clang-format ;)
>
> > +  }
> > +}
> > +} // end anonymous namespace
> > +
> > +bool PGOInstrumentationGen::runOnModule(Module &M) {
> > +  for (auto &F : M) {
> > +    if (F.isDeclaration())
> > +      continue;
> > +    BranchProbabilityInfo *BPI =
> > +        &(getAnalysis<BranchProbabilityInfoWrapperPass>(F).getBPI());
> > +    BlockFrequencyInfo *BFI =
> > +        &(getAnalysis<BlockFrequencyInfoWrapperPass>(F).getBFI());
> > +    instrumentOneFunc(F, &M, BPI, BFI);
> > +  }
> > +  return true;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static void setPGOCountOnFunc(PGOUseFunc &Func,
> > +                              IndexedInstrProfReader *PGOReader) {
> > +  if (Func.readCounters(PGOReader)) {
> > +    Func.populateCounters();
> > +    Func.setBranchWeights();
> > +  }
> > +}
> > +
> > +bool PGOInstrumentationUse::runOnModule(Module &M) {
> > +  DEBUG(dbgs() << "Read in profile counters: ");
> > +  auto &Ctx = M.getContext();
> > +  // Read the counter array from file.
> > +  auto ReaderOrErr = IndexedInstrProfReader::create(ProfileFileName);
> > +  if (std::error_code EC = ReaderOrErr.getError()) {
> > +    Ctx.diagnose(
> > +        DiagnosticInfoPGOProfile(ProfileFileName.data(), EC.message()));
> > +    return false;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  PGOReader = std::move(ReaderOrErr.get());
> > +  if (!PGOReader) {
> > +    Ctx.diagnose(DiagnosticInfoPGOProfile(ProfileFileName.data(),
> > +                                          "Cannot get PGOReader"));
> > +    return false;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  for (auto &F : M) {
> > +    if (F.isDeclaration())
> > +      continue;
> > +    BranchProbabilityInfo *BPI =
> > +        &(getAnalysis<BranchProbabilityInfoWrapperPass>(F).getBPI());
> > +    BlockFrequencyInfo *BFI =
> > +        &(getAnalysis<BlockFrequencyInfoWrapperPass>(F).getBFI());
> > +    PGOUseFunc Func(F, &M, BPI, BFI);
> > +    setPGOCountOnFunc(Func, PGOReader.get());
> > +  }
> > +  return true;
> > +}
> > Index: lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/LLVMBuild.txt
> > ===================================================================
> > --- lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/LLVMBuild.txt
> > +++ lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/LLVMBuild.txt
> > @@ -19,4 +19,4 @@
> >  type = Library
> >  name = Instrumentation
> >  parent = Transforms
> > -required_libraries = Analysis Core MC Support TransformUtils
> > +required_libraries = Analysis Core MC Support TransformUtils ProfileData
> > Index: lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/Instrumentation.cpp
> > ===================================================================
> > --- lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/Instrumentation.cpp
> > +++ lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/Instrumentation.cpp
> > @@ -60,6 +60,8 @@
> >    initializeAddressSanitizerModulePass(Registry);
> >    initializeBoundsCheckingPass(Registry);
> >    initializeGCOVProfilerPass(Registry);
> > +  initializePGOInstrumentationGenPass(Registry);
> > +  initializePGOInstrumentationUsePass(Registry);
> >    initializeInstrProfilingPass(Registry);
> >    initializeMemorySanitizerPass(Registry);
> >    initializeThreadSanitizerPass(Registry);
> > Index: lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/CMakeLists.txt
> > ===================================================================
> > --- lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/CMakeLists.txt
> > +++ lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/CMakeLists.txt
> > @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
> >    MemorySanitizer.cpp
> >    Instrumentation.cpp
> >    InstrProfiling.cpp
> > +  PGOInstrumentation.cpp
> >    SafeStack.cpp
> >    SanitizerCoverage.cpp
> >    ThreadSanitizer.cpp
> > Index: lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/CFGMST.h
> > ===================================================================
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/CFGMST.h
> > @@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
> > +//===-- CFGMST.h - Minimum Spanning Tree for CFG -------*- C++ -*-===//
> > +//
> > +//                      The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
> > +//
> > +// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
> > +// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
> > +//
> >
> +//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
> > +//
> > +// This file implements Union-find algorithm to compute Minimum
> Spanning Tree
> > +// for a given CFG.
> > +//
> >
> +//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
> > +
> > +#include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
> > +#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Analysis/BlockFrequencyInfo.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Analysis/BranchProbabilityInfo.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Analysis/CFG.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Support/BranchProbability.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
> > +#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h"
> > +#include <string>
> > +#include <utility>
> > +#include <vector>
> > +
> > +namespace llvm {
> > +
> > +#define DEBUG_TYPE "cfgmst"
> > +
> > +template <class Edge, class BBInfo> class CFGMST {
> > +public:
> > +  Function &F;
> > +
> > +  // Store all the edges in CFG. It may contain some stale edges
> > +  // when Removed is set.
>
> Might as well use doc comments here.
>
> > +  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Edge>> AllEdges;
> > +
> > +  // This map records the auxiliary information for each BB.
> > +  DenseMap<const BasicBlock *, std::unique_ptr<BBInfo>> BBInfos;
> > +
> > +  // Find the root group of the G and compress the path from G to the
> root.
> > +  BBInfo *findAndCompressGroup(BBInfo *G) {
> > +    if (G->Group != G)
> > +      G->Group = findAndCompressGroup(static_cast<BBInfo *>(G->Group));
> > +    return static_cast<BBInfo *>(G->Group);
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  // Union BB1 and BB2 into the same group and return true.
> > +  // Returns false if BB1 and BB2 are already in the same group.
> > +  bool unionGroups(const BasicBlock *BB1, const BasicBlock *BB2) {
> > +    BBInfo *BB1G = findAndCompressGroup(&getBBInfo(BB1));
> > +    BBInfo *BB2G = findAndCompressGroup(&getBBInfo(BB2));
> > +
> > +    if (BB1G == BB2G)
> > +      return false;
> > +
> > +    // Make the smaller rank tree a direct child or the root of high
> rank tree.
> > +    if (BB1G->Rank < BB2G->Rank)
> > +      BB1G->Group = BB2G;
> > +    else {
> > +      BB2G->Group = BB1G;
> > +      // If the ranks are the same, increment root of one tree by one.
> > +      if (BB1G->Rank == BB2G->Rank)
> > +        BB1G->Rank++;
> > +    }
> > +    return true;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  // Give BB, return the auxiliary information.
> > +  BBInfo &getBBInfo(const BasicBlock *BB) const {
> > +    auto It = BBInfos.find(BB);
> > +    assert(It->second.get() != nullptr);
> > +    return *It->second.get();
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  // Traverse the CFG using a stack. Find all the edges and assign the
> weight.
> > +  // Edges with large weight will be put into MST first so they are
> less likely
> > +  // to be instrumented.
> > +  void buildEdges() {
> > +    DEBUG(dbgs() << "Build Edge on " << F.getName() << "\n");
> > +
> > +    const BasicBlock *BB = &(F.getEntryBlock());
> > +    // Add a fake edge to the entry.
> > +    addEdge(nullptr, BB, BFI->getEntryFreq());
> > +
> > +    // Special handling for single BB functions.
> > +    if (succ_empty(BB)) {
> > +      addEdge(BB, nullptr, BFI->getEntryFreq());
> > +      return;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    static const uint32_t CriticalEdgeMultiplier = 1000;
> > +
> > +    for (Function::iterator BB = F.begin(), E = F.end(); BB != E; ++BB)
> {
> > +      TerminatorInst *TI = BB->getTerminator();
> > +      uint64_t BBWeight = BFI->getBlockFreq(&*BB).getFrequency();
> > +      uint64_t Weight;
> > +      if (int successors = TI->getNumSuccessors()) {
> > +        for (int i = 0; i != successors; ++i) {
> > +          BasicBlock *TargetBB = TI->getSuccessor(i);
> > +          bool Critical = isCriticalEdge(TI, i);
> > +          uint64_t scaleFactor = BBWeight;
> > +          if (Critical) {
> > +            if (scaleFactor < UINT64_MAX / CriticalEdgeMultiplier)
> > +              scaleFactor *= CriticalEdgeMultiplier;
> > +            else
> > +              scaleFactor = UINT64_MAX;
> > +          }
> > +          Weight = BPI->getEdgeProbability(&*BB,
> TargetBB).scale(scaleFactor);
> > +          addEdge(&*BB, TargetBB, Weight).IsCritical = Critical;
> > +          DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Edge: from " << BB->getName() << " to "
> > +                       << TargetBB->getName() << "  w=" << Weight <<
> "\n");
> > +        }
> > +      } else {
> > +        addEdge(&*BB, nullptr, BBWeight);
> > +        DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Edge: from " << BB->getName() << " to exit"
> > +                     << " w = " << BBWeight << "\n");
> > +      }
> > +    }
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  // Sort CFG edges based on its weight.
> > +  void sortEdgesByWeight() {
> > +    std::stable_sort(
> > +        AllEdges.begin(), AllEdges.end(),
> > +        [](const std::unique_ptr<Edge> &Edge1, const
> std::unique_ptr<Edge> &Edge2) {
> > +          return Edge1->Weight > Edge2->Weight;
> > +        });
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  // Traverse all the edges and compute the Minimum Weight Spanning Tree
> > +  // using union-find algorithm.
> > +  void computeMinimumSpanningTree() {
> > +    // First, put all the critical edge with landing-pad as the Dest to
> MST.
> > +    // This works around the insufficient support of critical edges
> split
> > +    // when destination BB is a landing pad.
> > +    for (auto &Ei : AllEdges) {
> > +      if (Ei->Removed)
> > +        continue;
> > +      if (Ei->IsCritical) {
> > +        if (Ei->DestBB && Ei->DestBB->isLandingPad()) {
> > +          if (unionGroups(Ei->SrcBB, Ei->DestBB))
> > +            Ei->InMST = true;
> > +        }
> > +      }
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    for (auto &Ei : AllEdges) {
> > +      if (Ei->Removed)
> > +        continue;
> > +      if (unionGroups(Ei->SrcBB, Ei->DestBB))
> > +        Ei->InMST = true;
> > +    }
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  // Dump the Debug information about the instrumentation.
> > +  void dumpEdges(raw_ostream &OS, const StringRef Message =
> StringRef()) const {
> > +    if (!Message.empty())
> > +      OS << Message << "\n";
> > +    OS << "  Number of Basic Blocks: " << BBInfos.size() << "\n";
> > +    for (auto &BI : BBInfos) {
> > +      const BasicBlock *BB = BI.first;
> > +      OS << "  BB: " << (BB == nullptr ? "FakeNode" : BB->getName()) <<
> "  "
> > +         << BI.second->infoString() << "\n";
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    OS << "  Number of Edges: " << AllEdges.size()
> > +       << " (*: Instrument, C: CriticalEdge, -: Removed)\n";
> > +    uint32_t Count = 0;
> > +    for (auto &EI : AllEdges) {
> > +      OS << "  Edge " << Count++ << ": " << getBBInfo(EI->SrcBB).Index
> << "-->"
> > +         << getBBInfo(EI->DestBB).Index << EI->infoString() << "\n";
> > +    };
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  // Add an edge to AllEdges with weight W.
> > +  Edge &addEdge(const BasicBlock *Src, const BasicBlock *Dest, uint64_t
> W) {
> > +    uint32_t Index = BBInfos.size();
> > +    auto Iter = BBInfos.end();
> > +    bool Inserted;
> > +    std::tie(Iter, Inserted) = BBInfos.insert(std::make_pair(Src,
> nullptr));
> > +    if (Inserted) {
> > +      // Newly inserted, update the real info.
> > +      Iter->second = std::move(llvm::make_unique<BBInfo>(Index));
> > +      Index++;
> > +    }
> > +    std::tie(Iter, Inserted) = BBInfos.insert(std::make_pair(Dest,
> nullptr));
> > +    if (Inserted)
> > +      // Newly inserted, update the real info.
> > +      Iter->second = std::move(llvm::make_unique<BBInfo>(Index));
> > +    AllEdges.emplace_back(new Edge(Src, Dest, W));
> > +    return *AllEdges.back();
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  BranchProbabilityInfo *BPI;
> > +  BlockFrequencyInfo *BFI;
> > +
> > +public:
> > +  CFGMST(Function &Func, BranchProbabilityInfo *BPI_ = nullptr,
> > +         BlockFrequencyInfo *BFI_ = nullptr)
> > +      : F(Func), BPI(BPI_), BFI(BFI_) {
> > +    buildEdges();
> > +    sortEdgesByWeight();
> > +    computeMinimumSpanningTree();
> > +  }
> > +};
> > +
> > +#undef DEBUG_TYPE // "cfgmst"
> > +} // end namespace llvm
> > Index: lib/IR/DiagnosticInfo.cpp
> > ===================================================================
> > --- lib/IR/DiagnosticInfo.cpp
> > +++ lib/IR/DiagnosticInfo.cpp
> > @@ -132,6 +132,12 @@
> >    DP << getMsg();
> >  }
> >
> > +void DiagnosticInfoPGOProfile::print(DiagnosticPrinter &DP) const {
> > +  if (getFileName())
> > +    DP << getFileName() << ": ";
> > +  DP << getMsg();
> > +}
> > +
> >  bool DiagnosticInfoOptimizationBase::isLocationAvailable() const {
> >    return getDebugLoc();
> >  }
> > Index: include/llvm/Transforms/Instrumentation.h
> > ===================================================================
> > --- include/llvm/Transforms/Instrumentation.h
> > +++ include/llvm/Transforms/Instrumentation.h
> > @@ -79,6 +79,11 @@
> >  ModulePass *createGCOVProfilerPass(const GCOVOptions &Options =
> >                                     GCOVOptions::getDefault());
> >
> > +// PGO Instrumention
> > +ModulePass *createPGOInstrumentationGenPass();
> > +ModulePass *
> > +createPGOInstrumentationUsePass(StringRef Filename = StringRef(""));
> > +
> >  /// Options for the frontend instrumentation based profiling pass.
> >  struct InstrProfOptions {
> >    InstrProfOptions() : NoRedZone(false) {}
> > @@ -149,6 +154,24 @@
> >  /// protect against stack-based overflow vulnerabilities.
> >  FunctionPass *createSafeStackPass(const TargetMachine *TM = nullptr);
> >
> > +/// \brief Calculate what to divide by to scale counts.
> > +///
> > +/// Given the maximum count, calculate a divisor that will scale all the
> > +/// weights to strictly less than UINT32_MAX.
> > +static inline uint64_t calculateCountScale(uint64_t MaxCount) {
> > +  return MaxCount < UINT32_MAX ? 1 : MaxCount / UINT32_MAX + 1;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/// \brief Scale an individual branch count.
> > +///
> > +/// Scale a 64-bit weight down to 32-bits using \c Scale.
> > +///
> > +static inline uint32_t scaleBranchCount(uint64_t Count, uint64_t Scale)
> {
> > +  uint64_t Scaled = Count / Scale;
> > +  assert(Scaled <= UINT32_MAX && "overflow 32-bits");
> > +  return Scaled;
> > +}
> > +
> >  } // End llvm namespace
> >
> >  #endif
> > Index: include/llvm/LinkAllPasses.h
> > ===================================================================
> > --- include/llvm/LinkAllPasses.h
> > +++ include/llvm/LinkAllPasses.h
> > @@ -85,6 +85,8 @@
> >        (void) llvm::createDomOnlyViewerPass();
> >        (void) llvm::createDomViewerPass();
> >        (void) llvm::createGCOVProfilerPass();
> > +      (void) llvm::createPGOInstrumentationGenPass();
> > +      (void) llvm::createPGOInstrumentationUsePass();
> >        (void) llvm::createInstrProfilingPass();
> >        (void) llvm::createFunctionInliningPass();
> >        (void) llvm::createAlwaysInlinerPass();
> > Index: include/llvm/InitializePasses.h
> > ===================================================================
> > --- include/llvm/InitializePasses.h
> > +++ include/llvm/InitializePasses.h
> > @@ -117,6 +117,8 @@
> >  void initializeExpandPostRAPass(PassRegistry&);
> >  void initializeAAResultsWrapperPassPass(PassRegistry &);
> >  void initializeGCOVProfilerPass(PassRegistry&);
> > +void initializePGOInstrumentationGenPass(PassRegistry&);
> > +void initializePGOInstrumentationUsePass(PassRegistry&);
> >  void initializeInstrProfilingPass(PassRegistry&);
> >  void initializeAddressSanitizerPass(PassRegistry&);
> >  void initializeAddressSanitizerModulePass(PassRegistry&);
> > Index: include/llvm/IR/DiagnosticInfo.h
> > ===================================================================
> > --- include/llvm/IR/DiagnosticInfo.h
> > +++ include/llvm/IR/DiagnosticInfo.h
> > @@ -60,6 +60,7 @@
> >    DK_OptimizationRemarkAnalysisAliasing,
> >    DK_OptimizationFailure,
> >    DK_MIRParser,
> > +  DK_PGOProfile,
> >    DK_FirstPluginKind
> >  };
> >
> > @@ -250,6 +251,31 @@
> >    const Twine &Msg;
> >  };
> >
> > +/// Diagnostic information for the PGO profiler.
> > +class DiagnosticInfoPGOProfile : public DiagnosticInfo {
> > +public:
> > +  DiagnosticInfoPGOProfile(const char *FileName, const Twine &Msg,
> > +                           DiagnosticSeverity Severity = DS_Error)
> > +      : DiagnosticInfo(DK_PGOProfile, Severity), FileName(FileName),
> Msg(Msg) {}
> > +
> > +  /// \see DiagnosticInfo::print.
> > +  void print(DiagnosticPrinter &DP) const override;
> > +
> > +  static bool classof(const DiagnosticInfo *DI) {
> > +    return DI->getKind() == DK_PGOProfile;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  const char *getFileName() const { return FileName; }
> > +  const Twine &getMsg() const { return Msg; }
> > +
> > +private:
> > +  /// Name of the input file associated with this diagnostic.
> > +  const char *FileName;
> > +
> > +  /// Message to report.
> > +  const Twine &Msg;
> > +};
> > +
> >  /// Common features for diagnostics dealing with optimization remarks.
> >  class DiagnosticInfoOptimizationBase : public DiagnosticInfo {
> >  public:
>
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