Mark the "literals" namespace as "inline"

[Marshall Clow]

We raised an issue to LWG that the namespaces std::literals::string_literals and std::literals::chrono_literals should not be inline.
LWG resolved it as NAD (not a defect). Make libc++ match the standard. Add some tests to be sure.

-- Marshall

Marshall Clow     Idio Software   <mailto:mclow.lists at gmail.com>

A.D. 1517: Martin Luther nails his 95 Theses to the church door and is promptly moderated down to (-1, Flamebait).
        -- Yu Suzuki

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