[PATCH][Review request] unix.Malloc checker improvement: +handling new/delete, +memory.MismatchedFree, +memory.MismatchedDelete, +improved display names for allocators/deallocators

[Anton Yartsev]

On 25.03.2013 21:39, Anna Zaks wrote:
> On Mar 25, 2013, at 9:30 AM, Jordan Rose <jordan_rose at apple.com 
> <mailto:jordan_rose at apple.com>> wrote:
>
>>
>> On Mar 25, 2013, at 8:01 , Anton Yartsev <anton.yartsev at gmail.com 
>> <mailto:anton.yartsev at gmail.com>> wrote:
>>
>>> Committed as r177849
>>>
>>> Manage to find several random real bugs (report-843813.html, 
>>> report-230257.html, recursive case in report-727931.html), but for 
>>> now it is hard to detect real bugs among tons of false-positives.
>>>
>>> There are two types of false-positives that form the majority of 
>>> reports:
>>> 1) Illustrated by the following test (added similar test to 
>>> NewDelete-checker-test.mm):
>>> int *global;
>>> void testMemIsOnHeap() {
>>>   int *p = new int; // FIXME: currently not heap allocated!
>>>   if (global != p) // evaluates to UnknownVal() rather then 'true'
>>>     global = p;
>>> } // report false-positive leak
>>>
>>> As I understand the problem is that currently a memory region for 
>>> 'new' is not a heap region and this lead to false-positives like 
>>> report-863595.html and others. (e.g. that causes 'global != p' 
>>> evaluate to UnknownVal() rather then 'true' (logic of 
>>> SimpleSValBuilder::evalBinOpLL))
>>>
>>> Attached is the proposed patch that fixes these issues.
>>
>> There are two reasons I didn't use getConjuredHeapSymbol when I 
>> originally put in this code:
>> (1) It handles all CXXNewExprs, even if the allocator is not one of 
>> the global ones.
>> (2) Heap symbols weren't used yet (Anna added them later for 
>> MallocChecker).
>>
>> Obviously #2 is bogus now. #1 worries me a bit because it requires 
>> duplicating some of the checks you just added to MallocChecker.
>>
>> In the long run, the design would be to get the appropriate memory 
>> from the allocator call, and we have PR12014's restructuring of the 
>> CFG blocking that. I'm not sure if we'd then move the heap symbol 
>> logic into a checker, or if it would still stay in Core.
>>
>> In the short term, I guess the best idea is to duplicate some of the 
>> checks (or refactor them to a helper function somewhere...though 
>> probably/not/ into AST) and then conjure a heap symbol if we know we can.
Failed to find any suitable place other then AST :) Eventually noticed, 
that actually only a single check should be duplicated. Decided to leave 
the wide comment added when I tried to find the proper place for 
isStandardNewDelete().
New fix attached.

>>
>>
>>> 2) The second type of false-positives is illustrated by the 
>>> following minimal test:
>>> void f(const int & x);
>>>
>>> void test() {
>>>   int *p = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int));
>>>   f(*p);
>>> } // report false-positive leak
>>>
>>> report-218274.html shows how it looks like in reality.
>>> Haven't addressed this yet. Removing 'const' from the declaration 
>>> eliminates the leak report.
>>
>> Interesting. You can't change a const region (and pedantically you 
>> can't free() it either), but you certainly can 'delete' it. (C++11 
>> [expr.delete]p2)
>>
>> Anna, any thoughts on this? Should these also count as "pointer 
>> escaped" even though their contents have not been invalidated?
>>
>
> I think handling this similarly to pointer escape is the best. 
> However, I am concerned that if we simply extend pointer escape to 
> trigger on another "Kind" of escape, all the other users of 
> pointerEscape will need to know about it (and do nothing for this kind 
> of escape). How about a new checker callback, which will rely on the 
> same core code as _checkPointerEscape? This way the checker developers 
> would not need to know about this special case, and we can reuse all 
> the code that determines when the escape should be triggered.
As for me it would be better to leave the single callback as this is 
just another type of pointer escape, if I understand correctly. Have no 
other arguments for this :)
In addition, the "Kind" approach is relatively new, so hopefully a few 
users of pointerEscape be affected.


Evolved another issue, that I first thought to be related to case 1), 
here is the minimal test:
struct S {
   int **p;
};
void testOk(S &s) {
   new(s.p) (int*)(new int); // false-positive leak
}
void testLeak() {
   S s;
   new(s.p) (int*)(new int); // real leak
}

Haven't addressed these yet. The leak is reported for cases of the form 
'small_vector.push_back(new Something)', where push_back() uses 
placement new to store data.

-- 
Anton

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